多态性和不态度有什么区别

Thekey difference between polymorphism and amorphismis that polymorphism refers to the presence of more than one form of crystal structure for the same compound, whereas amorphism refers to the lack of order in amorphic substances.

Polymorphism and amorphism are important terms in inorganic chemistry as they describe the properties ofinorganic compounds. Polymorphism is the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure. Amorphism, on the other hand, is the quality of being formless.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Polymorphism
3.What is Amorphism
4.多态性与表格形式的非态
5.Summary – Polymorphism vs Amorphism

What is Polymorphism?

Polymorphism is the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure. We can find this characteristic in any crystalline material likepolymers, metals, and minerals. Mineralscalcite and aragonite显示多态性。下图显示了方解石的外观。

多态的三种主要形式包括包ing polymorphism, conformational polymorphism and pseudopolymorphism.包装多态性occurs depending on the differences in the crystal packing structure, whileconformational polymorphismoccurs due to different conformers of the same molecule. And, on the other hand,pseudopolymorphismis the presence of different crystal types as a result of hydration or solvation.

The variation of the conditions during thecrystallizationprocess is the main reason for the occurrence of polymorphism in crystalline materials. These variable conditions include the polarity of the solvent, presence of impurities, the level of supersaturation where the material starts crystallizing, temperature and changes in the stirring conditions.

What is Amorphism?

Amorphism is the occurrence of a substance that lacks an ordered form or the quality of being formless. In other words, it is the property of amorphous nature in some compounds. In the field of crystallography, amorphic materials lack long-range crystalline order in a significant amount at the molecular level.

This term was introduced even before the discovery of the nature of the exact atomic crystalline lattice structure. Moreover, we can find the term amorphism in arts, biology, archaeology, and philosophy. In these fields, this term is useful for the characterization of objects without the forming of an ordered or a random, unstructured form.

结晶性是缺乏非态性。换句话说，结晶物质具有井井有序的化学结构，通常包含构成有序排列的重复单元。

多态性和不态度有什么区别?

Polymorphism is the ability of a solid material to exist in more than one form or crystal structure. Amorphism is the occurrence of a substance that lacks an ordered form or the quality of being formless. The key difference between polymorphism and amorphism is that polymorphism refers to the presence of more than one form of crystal structure for the same compound, whereas amorphism refers to the lack of order in amorphic substances. When considering the examples for polymorphism and amorphism, minerals calcite and aragonite, cubic and hexagonal diamond, black and red forms of beta mercuric sulfide, etc. are good examples for polymorphism, while glass is an example for amorphism.

下表总结了多态性和不态度之间的差异。

Summary – Polymorphism vs Amorphism

多态性和不典型性是描述无机化合物特性的无机化学中的重要术语。多态性和不态度之间的关键区别在于，多态性是指相同化合物的一种以上形式的晶体结构，而非态性是指非态物质缺乏顺序。

Reference:

1.“”Polymorphism (Materials Science).” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation.

Image Courtesy:

1.“”Calcite-271676” By Rob Lavinsky, iRocks.com –(CC-BY-SA-3.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Crystalline polycrystalline amorphous2” By Cristal_ou_amorphe.svg: CdangEverything else: Sbyrnes321 – Cristal ou amorphe.svgCrystalline polycrystalline amorphous.svg(CC BY-SA 3.0)via Commons Wikimedia