Difference Between Controlled and Uncontrolled Chain Reaction

Key Difference – Controlledvs不受控制的链反应

Thekey differencebetween controlled and uncontrolled chain reactions is thatcontrolled chain reactions do not lead to any explosive effects whereas uncontrolled chain reactions lead to explosive energy release.

The terms controlled chain reactions, and uncontrolled chain reactions are discussed under nuclear chemistry. A nuclear chain reaction occurs when onenuclear reaction随后引起其他一些核反应的进展。这些链反应释放了非常高的能量。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么is Controlled Chain Reaction
3.什么is Uncontrolled Chain Reaction
4.Side by Side Comparison – Controlled vs Uncontrolled Chain Reaction in Tabular Form
5.概括

什么是受控链反应？

A controlled chain reaction is a chain of nuclear reactions that take place subsequently under controlled conditions. Let us understand this concept using核裂变反应为例。中子和裂变时发生裂变链反应isotopeinteract with each other. This interaction causes the release of some neutrons from the fissile nucleus. These released neutrons can interact with other fissile isotopes and cause the initiation of subsequent fission reactions. When these reactions are controlled and regulated properly, it is called a controlled chain reaction. Controlled fission reactions can be carried out in the presence of moderators.

核电站使用受控的链反应。在那里，通过控制核反应速率来控制链反应。受控的链反应很容易被转换为不受控制的形式。可以通过调节所使用的起始材料（裂变同位素）来控制反应。例如，如果所使用的铀量很高，则反应速度也将很高，因为那时中子与裂变同位素相互作用的概率很高。然后反应变得无法控制。而且，通过调节反应时间，可以将核链反应变成受控的反应。当反应时间减少时，中子与裂变同位素相互作用的概率很低。然后可以轻松控制反应。

什么是不受控制的链反应？

不受控制的链反应是随后发生的核反应链，但不在受控条件下。Therefore, an uncontrolled chain reaction can become highly explosive. That is because these reactions can release a very high amount of energy at a time.

For example, the radioactive isotope Uranium-235 can undergo nuclear fission be releasing neutron slowly. One isotope releases three neutrons at a time. These three neutrons can react with three other Uranium-235 isotopes releasing 9 neutrons (3 neutrons per each isotope). Likewise, the chain reaction will progress and release a very high amount of energy. These uncontrolled nuclear chain reactions are used in nuclear bombs.

受控链反应和不受控制的链反应有什么区别？

Controlled vs Uncontrolled Chain Reaction
A controlled chain reaction is a chain of nuclear reactions that take place subsequently under controlled conditions.	不受控制的链反应是随后发生的核反应链，但不在受控条件下。
Components
A controlled chain reaction is carried out in the presence of moderators.	An uncontrolled chain reaction is carried out in the absence of moderators.
Control Measures
A nuclear chain reaction is converted into a controlled chain reaction via regulating the amount of fissile isotopes present, reducing the time of reaction and using moderators.	An uncontrolled chain reaction has no control measures.
申请
Controlled chain reactions are used in nuclear power plants to generate electricity.	不受控制的链反应用于核弹。

概括– Controlledvs不受控制的链反应

核链反应主要是关于核裂变反应的。核裂变是不稳定原子核的分解。受控链反应和不受控制的链反应之间的区别在于，受控的链反应不会导致任何爆炸性效应，而不受控制的链反应会导致爆炸能量释放。

Reference:

1. Ramakrishnan, Dinesh. “Infofavour.” Nuclear Fission – Controlled and Uncontrolled Fission Reactions.Available here
2. “Controlled Fission vs Uncontrolled Fission.” JISIBHLPhysics – Controlled Fission vs Uncontrolled Fission.Available here
3.“核链反应。”Wikipedia，Wikimedia基金会，2018年3月31日。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.’Nuclear fission chain reaction’ By MikeRun – Own work,(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia