What is the Difference Between BCR-ABL p190 and p210

Thekey differencebetween BCR-ABL p190 and p210is that BCR-ABL p190 is an致癌BCR-ABLtyrosinekinase protein that mainly occurs inB-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while BCR-ABL p210 is an oncogenic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase protein that mainly occurs in chronic myelogenous leukemia.

BCR-ABL1 is a mutation found in human leukemia. It is formed by the combination of two genes known asBCRandABL1.BCR-ABL1is also known as the fusion gene. TheBCRgene is normally present on chromosome number 22, while theABL1gene is normally present on chromosome number 9. BCR-ABL1 mutation occurs when pieces ofBCRandABL1genes break off and switch their places. In this mutation, a part of theABL1gene in chromosome 9 breaks off and attaches to the breakpoint cluster region of theBCRgene in chromosome 22. The fusion gene is known asBCR-ABL1,and the new chromosome 22 is called the Philadelphia chromosome. This fusion gene makes a tyrosine kinase protein, which always leads to cancers like leukemia. Moreover, depending on thetranslocationbreakpoint in theBCRgene, different BCR-ABL protein isoforms, such as BCR-ABL p190 and p210, are made.

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is BCR-ABL p190
3.What is BCR-ABL p210
4.Similarities – BCR-ABL p190 and p210
5.BCR-ABL p190 vs p210 in Tabular Form
6.Summary – BCR-ABL p190 vs p210

What is BCR-ABL p190?

bcr - abl p190致癌bcr - abl酪氨酸基那se protein isoform made from a fusion gene found in Philadelphia chromosome. BCR-ABL fusion gene is expressed in 20-30 % of adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). Among that, in about one-quarter of cases, it expresses the BCR-ABL p210 oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoform, and in about three-quarters of cases, it expresses the BCR-ABL p190 oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoform. Therefore, this means BCR-ABL 190 occurs in the majority of adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) is a type of blood cancer in which the bone marrow makes too many lymphocytes. However, in contrast to chronic myelogenous leukemia, B-ALL is often accompanied by other additional mutagenic events other than BCR-ABL translocation. Therefore, the survival rate of this leukemia is dramatically low due to relapse and kinase inhibitor resistance. Imatinib is the kinase inhibitor used for the treatment of B-ALL. Anyhow, the response of imatinib in B-ALL is low compared to chronic myelogenous leukemia due to the above reason.

What is BCR-ABL p210?

BCR-ABL p210 is an oncogenic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase protein isoform made from a fusion gene found in Philadelphia chromosome. This oncogenic protein isoform is the sole hallmark of chronic myeloid leukemia. It is comprised of 501 amino acids and is thus 25% longer than p190 isoform.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a blood cancer that begins in the blood-forming myeloid cells or stem cells in the bone marrow, which gives rise to abnormally large amounts of immature white blood cells. In CML, BCR-ABL is the sole oncogenic driver of cancer generation, so treatment with imatinib in this leukemia gives a good stable response and durable remissions in most patients.

What are the Similarities Between BCR-ABL p190 and p210?

BCR-ABL p190 and p210 are two different types of oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoforms made depending on the translocation breakpoint in theBCR
Both oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoforms are always on.
These protein isoforms can result in adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL).
Tyrosine kinase inhibitors like imatinib can control their effect.

What is the Difference Between BCR-ABL p190 and p210?

bcr - abl p190致癌bcr - abl酪氨酸基那se protein that mainly occurs in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, while BCR-ABL p190 is an oncogenic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase protein that mainly occurs in the chronic myelogenous leukemia. Thus, this is the key difference between BCR-ABL p190 and p210. Furthermore, BCR-ABL p190 is comparatively a shorter oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoform. On the other hand, BCR-ABL p210 is comparatively a longer oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoform.

The infographic below presents the differences between BCR-ABL p190 and p210 in tabular form for side-by-side comparison.

Summary – BCR-ABL p190 vs p210

Philadelphia chromosome is a specific genetic abnormality in chromosome 22 cells of leukemia patients. In this translocation, the genetic materials between chromosome 9 and chromosome 22 are exchanged with each other and make a fusion gene calledBCR-ABL1. However, depending on the translocation breakpoint in theBCRgene, different BCR-ABL protein isoforms are made from this fusion gene. BCR-ABL p190 and p210 are the two different types of oncogenic tyrosine kinase protein isoforms that are made by theBCR-ABL融合基因。bcr - abl p190短啊ncogenic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase protein isoform mainly found in adult B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). BCR-ABL p210 is a longer oncogenic BCR-ABL tyrosine kinase protein isoform mainly found in chronic myelogenous leukemia. So, this summarizes the difference between BCR-ABL p190 and p210.