Difference Between Watson and Crick and Hoogsteen Base Pairing

Thekey differencebetween Watson and Crick and Hoogsteen base pairing is that沃森和Crick’s base pairing is the standard way that describes the formation of base pairs betweenpurines and pyrimidines.同时，Hoogsteen碱基配对是形成碱基对的另一种方法，其中嘌呤对嘧啶采用不同的构象。

Anucleotide有三个成分：氮基，五糖糖和一个磷酸基团。DNA和RNA结构中有五个不同的氮基碱和两种五糖糖。当这些核苷酸形成核苷酸序列时，互补的碱（嘌呤或嘧啶）形成hydrogen bondsbetween them. This is known as base pairing. Therefore, a base pair is formed by joining two nitrogenous bases by hydrogen bonds. Watson and Crick’s base pairing is the classic or standard approach, while Hoogsteen base pairing is an alternative way of forming base pairs.

CONTENTS

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Watson and Crick Base Pairing
3.What is Hoogsteen Base Pairing
4.沃森和克里克和霍格斯汀基础配对之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Watson and Crick vs Hoogsteen Base Pairing in Tabular Form
6.概括

What is Watson and Crick Base Pairing?

沃森和Crick’s base pairing is the standard method that explains the base pairing of nitrogenous bases in nucleotides. James Watson and Francis Crick, in 1953, explained this base paring method, which stabilizes the double standard helices of DNA. According to Watson and Crick base pairing, adenine forms hydrogen bonds with thymine in DNA and with uracil in RNA. Moreover, guanine forms hydrogen bonds with cytosine in both DNA and RNA.

There are three hydrogen bonds between G and C while there are two hydrogen bonds between A and T. These base pairs allow the DNA helix to maintain its regular helical structure. Most nucleotide sequences (60%) have Watson and Crick base pairs which are stable at neutral pH.

What is Hoogsteen Base Pairing?

Hoogsteen碱基配对是形成核酸中碱基对的另一种方法。这是由美国生物化学家Karst Hoogsteen于1963年首次描述的。HoogsteenBase对与Watson和Crick Base Pairs相似。它们发生在腺嘌呤（a）和胸腺氨酸（T），鸟嘌呤（G）和胞嘧啶（C）之间。但是嘌呤对嘧啶采用了不同的构象。在A和T碱基对中，腺嘌呤在180中旋转⁰about the glycosidic bond, allowing an alternative hydrogen bonding scheme. Similarly, in G and C pair, guanine is rotated 180° about the glycosidic bond. Moreover, the angle of glycosidic bonds is larger in Hoogsteen base pairs. Besides, the formation of Hoogsteen base pairs is not stable at neutral pH.

Hoogsteen base pairs are non-canonical base pairs which make the nucleotide sequences less stable than the standard base pairing. Moreover, they can result in the disruption of DNA double helix. Though Hoogsteen base pairs occur naturally, they are very rare.

What are the Similarities Between Watson and Crick and Hoogsteen Base Pairing?

• 沃森和Crick and Hoogsteen base pairing are two ways to describe the formation of base pairs in nucleic acids.
• Both occur naturally in DNA.
• Moreover, they exist in equilibrium with one another.
• 碱基对在这两种方法都是相似的。

What is the Difference Between Watson and Crick and Hoogsteen Base Pairing?

沃森（Watson）和克里克（Crick）底配对是描述嘌呤和嘧啶之间基碱对形成的标准方式。另一方面，Hoogsteen碱基配对是形成碱基对的另一种方法，其中嘌呤对嘧啶采取了不同的构象。因此，这是Watson和Crick和Hoogsteen Base配对之间的关​​键区别。詹姆斯·沃森（James Watson）和弗朗西斯·克里克（Francis Crick）在1953年描述了沃森（Watson）和克里克（Crick Basic）的配对，而凯斯特·霍格斯汀（Karst Hoogsteen）在1963年描述了霍格斯汀基本配对。

The below infographic summarizes the difference between Watson and Crick and Hoogsteen base pairing.

概括– Watson and Crick vs Hoogsteen Base Pairing

Watson和Crick碱基配对以及Hoogsteen碱基配对是描述核苷酸序列中氮碱基形成的两种类型。在Hoogsteen碱基配对中，嘌呤碱基相对于嘧啶碱采取不同的构象。因此，这是Watson和Crick和Hoogsteen Base配对之间的关​​键区别。此外，沃森（Watson）和克里克（Crick）基底对稳定了DNA双螺旋，而Hoogsteen碱基对使螺旋不稳定。但是，两种类型的碱基对都自然出现，并且它们彼此之间存在平衡。

Reference:

1. “Hoogsteen Base Pair.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 9 Jan. 2020,Available here.
2. “Discovery of DNA Structure and Function: Watson and Crick.” Nature News, Nature Publishing Group,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “GC Watson Crick basepair” By The original uploader was WillowW at English Wikipedia. – Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Hoogsteen Watson Crick pairing-en” By Ian Furst – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia