Thekey difference在尿素和尿酸之间urea in humans is excreted withurineas a liquid, while uric acid is excreted as a solid with fecal matter in birds and reptiles.
人体在metabolism. These substances should be converted to less toxic substances till they are removed from the body. The excretory system is important for the removal of these substances. Our main excretory organ is kidney. Urine is produced in the kidneys, and this is the primary method of excreting the excess and unnecessary substances from our bodies. In addition to the kidneys, our skin also acts as an excretory organ. Through sweat, some things are excreted. Ammonia, urea and uric acid are nitrogenous excretory products which are removed from the body like this.
Depending on the water availability and habitat of the organisms, the type of excretory product they produce differs.氨is highly toxic, and it is produced as a by-product in the protein metabolism. This is the excretory product of fresh water fish. Since they can easily remove ammonia into water, they can dilute its toxicity but, in humans, the water availability is somewhat lower than fish, and until it is removed from the body it has to be stored inside. Therefore, a toxic excretory product like ammonia is converted to less toxic urea.
CONTENTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Urea
3.尿酸是什么
4.Side by Side Comparison – Urea vs Uric Acid in Tabular Form
5.概括
什么是尿素?
Urea has the molecular formula of CO(NH2)2and the following structure.
It is a carbamide with the functional group C=O. Two NH2 groups are bonded to the carbonyl carbon from two sides. Urea is naturally produced in mammals in nitrogen metabolism. This is known as the urea cycle, and oxidation of ammonia or amino acids produce urea inside our bodies. Most of urea is excreted through kidneys with urine, whereas some are excreted with sweat. The high water solubility of urea is helpful when excreting it from the body. Urea is a colorless, odorless solid, and it is non toxic.
In addition to being a metabolic product, its main use is to produce fertilizer. Urea is one of the most common nitrogen releasing fertilizers, and it has a high nitrogen content compared to other solid nitrogenous fertilizers. In soil, urea is converted to ammonia and carbon dioxide. This ammonia can be converted to nitrite by soil bacteria. Further, urea is used to produce explosives like urea nitrate, and as a raw material to produce chemicals like plastics and adhesives.
尿酸是什么?
尿酸是含有氮的环状化合物。它的公式是C5H4N4O3and has the following structure.
The water solubility of uric acid is generally low. This is produced in the purine (a nucleotide) metabolism. In humans, the produced uric acid is excreted with urine. This is the main excretory product of reptiles and birds. In them, uric acid is excreted with feces as a dry mass, so the water loss is very low. Uric acid is a diprotic acid. Therefore, at high pH values it forms a urate ion.
什么是维ifference Between Urea and Uric Acid?
尿酸是爬行动物和鸟类的主要氮排泄产物,而尿素是人类的主要排泄产物。尿素和尿酸之间的关键区别在于,人类中的尿素被尿液作为液体排泄,而尿酸则在鸟类中排出,爬行动物是粪便的固体。此外,尿酸是一种双环分子,尿素并非如此。与尿素产生相比,尿酸的产生需要高能代谢途径。此外,排泄尿酸时的水分损失低于尿素的水分流失。
概括– Urea vs Uric Acid
尿酸是爬行动物和鸟类的主要氮排泄产物,而尿素是人类的主要排泄产物。尿素和尿酸之间的关键区别在于,人类中的尿素被尿液作为液体排泄,而尿酸则在鸟类中排出,爬行动物是粪便的固体。
Image Courtesy:
1. “Harnstoff” By NEUROtiker – Own work (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Neurotiker的“Harnsäure酮基” - 自己的作品(公共领域)通过Commons Wikimedia
发表评论