Difference Between Sodium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride

Key Difference – Sodium Fluoride vs Calcium Fluoride

Sodium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride are two fluoride minerals of the elements in the group I and group II of the periodic table. While they naturally exist in minerals form, they are also commercially produced for industrial applications. But,natural form of sodium fluoride is comparatively rare, and calcium fluoride is very abundant.这可以考虑到key differencebetween Sodium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride. Although, they are both fluorides containing crystalline solids, their industrial applications vary widely; they are used for various purposes.

什么是氟化钠？

氟化钠是一种无机，无机的离子化合物，具有分子配方naf。像氯化钠一样，它溶于水中⁺and F^–separately.

naf（s）→NA⁺(aq) + F^–(aq)

Sodium fluoride naturally exists as a mineral called ‘villiaumite,’ which is relatively rare and it can be found in plutonic nepheline syenite rocks.

Sodium chloride is one of the most widely used fluoride ion sources in many industrial applications since it is less expensive and less吸湿性复合比氟化钾(KF).

What is Calcium Fluoride?

Calcium fluoride is a white, water-insoluble, inorganic, ionic chemical solid compound with the molecular formula CaF₂. It is also known asfluorspar，它自然地作为一种矿物荧光岩存在，由于其杂质而具有深色的颜色。可以在许多地方找到氟矿矿物，并用作HF的先驱。但是，某些工业过程需要纯钙纤维化钙，没有杂质。因此，高纯度CAF₂通过使用碳酸钙和氟化氢来产生工业。

CaCO₃+ 2 HF→CAF₂+ CO₂+ H₂O

What is the difference between Sodium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride?

氟钠和氟化钙的化学结构

Sodium Fluoride:

Sodium fluoride is an ionic crystal which crystallizes in a cubic motif. In its structure, both Na⁺and F⁻contains octahedral coordination sites, and its lattice spacing is approximately equal to 462 pm. This length is fairly smaller than that of sodium chloride.

氟化钙:

Calcium fluoride naturally exists in fluorite form and it crystallizes a cubic motif. Ca²⁺充当八协调的中心，位于一个盒子里，可容纳八个F^–centers. Each F^–center is coordinated to four Ca²⁺centers. Generally, perfectly packed crystals are colorless, but the mineral possesses a deep color due to F-centers.

The structure of a unit cell of CaF₂(fluorite) is shown below.

Uses of Sodium Fluoride and Calcium Fluoride

Sodium Fluoride:

Sodium fluoride is extensively used in a wide range of industrial applications including medical and chemical industry. In medical applications, it is used in medical imaging and in the treatment ofosteoporosis. In chemical industry, it is used in the synthesis and extraction processes in metallurgy, as a cleaning agent and as a stomach poison for plant feeding insects.

它也用于水处理。它被添加到水氟中的饮用水中，以增加水中的氟化物水平。在某些国家 /地区，它被添加到一些食品中。

氟化钙:

Both, naturally occurring and commercially produced CaF₂are equally important in many industrial applications. It is naturally present in the fluorite mineral, and it is the main source of hydrogen fluoride manufacturing process. The reaction between fluorite mineral and the concentrated sulfuric acid produces hydrogen fluoride.

CaF₂+ Conc H₂SO₄→Caso₄(solid) + 2 HF

此外，由于其特殊特性，它用于生产光学组件。它在广泛的频率上是透明的。从紫外线（UV）到红外线（IR），低折射率和水中的不溶性。它用于制造热成像系统中使用的窗户和镜头，光谱法, and excimer lasers.

Image Courtesy:

“肾上腺菌氟钠钠的紫膜岩……”by Dave Dyet – shutterstone.com,dyet.com– Own work (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia

“Calcium Floride” (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia

“Sodium Floride” ByBenjah-bmm27– Own work (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia

“Crystal structure of fluorite” byMaterialscientistat English Wikipedia(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia