多环和多核芳族烃之间的差异

Thekey differencebetween polycyclic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons is thatthe term polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon describes the presence of two or more cyclic structures fused to each other whereas the term polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon describes the presence of more than one atom.

The terms polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons refer to the same group of organic compounds that contains several cyclic structures of carbon and hydrogen are fused with each other forming a large organic molecule. However, the difference between polycyclic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons lies on the description given by each term; polycyclic refers to “many cycles” while polynuclear refers to “many atoms”.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons
3.什么是多核芳香烃
4.并排比较 - 表格形式的多环子与多核芳族烃
5.概括

What are Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons?

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are a group of organic compounds which has large organic molecules having several cyclic structures fused with each other. As its name implies, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are hydrocarbon compounds (these molecules have only carbon and hydrogen atoms) which are aromatic (contains planar, unsaturated rings of atoms with increased stability due to the delocalization of pi electrons) and contain fused aromatic ring structures. The denotation for these compounds is PAH.

PAHs are uncharged compounds, and they are mostlynonpolaras well. We can find these compounds in coal and tar deposits. The thermal decomposition of organic matter produces polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. The simplest PAH is naphthalene. Although苯is an aromatic cyclic structure, we cannot consider it as a polycyclic hydrocarbon because it has only one cyclic structure (a PAH contains more than one cyclic structure). Usually, these compounds do not contain heteroatoms (atoms other than carbon and hydrogen). Moreover, they usually do not carry substituents.

These are nonpolar and亲脂性化合物。由于它们是有机的和芳香的，因此PAH不溶于水。但是，有些化合物可以看作是饮用水中的污染物。该类别的大型成员也无法溶于有机溶剂和脂质溶液。此外，这些化合物通常是无色的。

什么是多核芳香烃？

Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons are aromatic organic compounds which contain more than one atom. This class of compounds contains polycyclic aromatic compounds and other aromatic compounds containing more than one atom. The term polynuclear refers to many+nuclei (atomic nuclei).

但是，我们通常使用该术语来命名多环芳烃化合物。但是，此类别还包含苯，因为它是具有18个原子的芳香化合物。

多环和多核芳族烃有什么区别？

Although the terms polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon refers to the same set of compounds, these two terms define them differently. The key difference between polycyclic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons is that the term polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons describe the presence of two or more cyclic structures fused to each other, whereas the term polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons describe the presence of more than one atom.

Moreover, the benzene molecule is not included in the class of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons because it has only a single cyclic structure. However, it is included in the group of polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. Therefore, this too is a significant difference between polycyclic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons.

摘要 - 多环子与多核芳香烃

Although the terms polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbon refers to the same set of compounds, these two terms define them differently. The key difference between polycyclic and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons is that the term polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons describes the presence of two or more cyclic structures fused to each other whereas the term polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons describes the presence of more than one atom.

Reference:

1. Helmenstine, Anne Marie. “What Is a Polynuclear Aromatic Hydrocarbon?” ThoughtCo, Nov. 25, 2019,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1.解散的“ Chrysene Clar Rule” - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过Commons Wikimedia
2. “Benzene-aromaticity-3D-balls” By Benjah-bmm27 – Own work (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia