Difference Between Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics

The药代动力学和药效学之间的关键区别is that pharmacokinetics studies how an organism affects a drug while pharmacodynamics studies how a drug affects an organism.

Pharmacology is the study of interactions between a drug and an organism. Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics are the main components of pharmacology. This shows the interactions between bothendogenous and exogenous chemical substances和生物体。药代动力学和药效学都是大分子生物分析研究的一部分。这些研究有助于在制药行业发现和开发新药。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Pharmacokinetics
3.什么是药效学
4.相似性 - 药代动力学和药效学
5。药代动力学与表格形式的药效学
6。Summary – Pharmacokinetics vs Pharmacodynamics

What is Pharmacokinetics?

药代动力学研究生物体如何影响药物。它描述了人体对特定的化学物质或异种生物的反应，后者是在给生物体的。药物的药代动力学取决于几个因素，例如患者的年龄，性别，肾功能，基因组成以及药物的化学特性。化学药品药代动力学的特性受到管理途径和drug dose. This also affects the absorption rate.

药代动力学的过程

There is a model to observe the processes which take place in pharmacokinetics. The model is divided into five compartments and referred to as the LADME scheme.LADMErefers to liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Liberation is the release of the drug to produce a final medicinal product. Absorption is the process of the drug or substance entering the blood circulation system. Distribution is the dispersion of the drug or substances throughout the fluids and tissues of the body. Metabolism is the recognition of the foreign substance by the organism and the irreversible transformation of initial compounds to代谢物. Excretion is the removal of substances from the body. Pharmacokinetics analyses are characterized through drug concentration versus time in a dose-response curve.

什么是药效学?

药效学是对体内药物的生化和生理作用的研究。它显示了该药物与位于细胞膜或细胞内液中的组织受体的相互作用。药效学在剂量反应关系中起重要作用。那就是药物浓度与作用之间的关系。药物对它们的作用有七个主要作用。它们是刺激的动作，令人沮丧的作用，阻塞/拮抗作用，稳定作用，交换/替换作用，直接有益化学反应以及直接有害化学反应。

Both stimulating and depressing actions have direct receptor agonism and downstream effects. During blocking/antagonizing action, the drug binds to the receptor without activating it. During stabilizing action, the drug is neutral. It does not act as a stimulant or a depressant. Exchanging/replacing action helps the drug accumulate to form a reserve. Direct beneficial chemical reaction prevents damages caused by free radicals, while direct harmful chemical reaction results in the destruction of the cells. Pharmacodynamics analyses are characterized through drug effect versus time in the dose-response curve.

药代动力学和药效学之间有什么相似之处？

• 药代动力学和药效学都涉及体内药物的浓度。
• 药代动力学and pharmacodynamics analysis play an important role in characterizing drug exposure, predicting drug dosages, estimating the rates of drug elimination and absorption, assessing relative bioequivalence, characterizing variability, establishing safety margins and efficacy characteristics and understanding the concentration-effect relationships.

药代动力学和药效学有什么区别？

药代动力学是药物在整个人体中的运动以及人体如何影响药物。药效学是人体对药物的生物学反应。因此，这是药代动力学和药效学之间的关键区别。此外，药代动力学通过解放，吸收，分布，代谢AD排泄来表明药物暴露于药物。药效学通过生化和分子相互作用显示了对药物的反应。

下面的图表列出了差异between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in tabular form.

Summary – Pharmacokinetics vs Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacology is the study of interactions between a drug and an organism. Pharmacokinetics is the study of how an organism affects a drug. It describes how the body reacts to a specific chemical or xenobiotic after it is administered to an organism. Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and physiological effects of drugs on the body. It depicts the interaction of the drug with tissue receptors which are located at the cell membranes or in the intracellular fluid. Pharmacokinetics consists of five principles: liberation, absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion. Pharmacodynamics plays an important role in dose-response relationships. That is the relationship between the drug concentration and effect. The pharmacokinetics analysis (drug concentration versus time) and pharmacodynamics analysis (drug effect versus time) act as important tools in the discovery and development of new drugs. Thus, this summarizes the difference between pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics.

Reference:

1. Farinde，Abimbola。“药效学概述 - 临床药理学。”MSD Manual Professional Edition.
2. “药代动力学& Pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) Services。”Nuventra Pharma Sciences.