过氧化物和过氧化氢之间的差异

Thekey difference在过氧化物和过氧化氢之间peroxide is ananionwhereas hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound.

过氧化物是特殊类别oxygencompounds with unique properties. Hydrogen peroxide was discovered by the French scientist Thenard in 1818.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Peroxide
3.什么是过氧化氢
4.Side by Side Comparison – Peroxide vs Hydrogen Peroxide in Tabular Form
5.概括

What is Peroxide?

Peroxide is an oxygen-containing anion with the molecular formula of O₂^2-. Here, two oxygen atoms bind with each other via acovalent bond, and each oxygen atom has theoxidation number的-1。过氧化物阴离子通常可以与其他阳离子（例如H+，其他第1组或第2组阳离子或过渡金属）连接以形成过氧化物化合物。此外，它们可以作为某些有机化合物的一部分发生。

oxygen-oxygen单键的过氧化is not that stable. Therefore, it can easily undergo hemolytic cleavage, producing two radicals. Hence, peroxides are very reactive and do not occur much in nature. This anion is a strong nucleophile and an oxidizing agent. Since they are easily subject to chemical reactions when exposed to light or heat, we need to store them in cool, dark containers.

Peroxides react with skin, cotton, and many other materials easily, so they have to be handled with care. However, we can use this as a component in bleaching. Therefore, peroxides are widely useful for hair or skin bleaching in saloons, to clean bathrooms, or to remove stains from clothes. Peroxides have a strong odour and most of them are hazardous.

什么是过氧化氢?

Hydrogen peroxide is the simplest form of peroxide; we can denote it as H2O2. It is a clear liquid with a boiling point of 150°C and it is completely miscible with the water. However, we can completely separate it from water by distillation because its boiling point is higher than that of water. Hydrogen peroxide is a strong oxidizing and reducing agent. Furthermore, it is a nonlinear, non-planar molecule. It has an open book structure.

我们可以作为各种化学反应的副产品或中间体产生这种化合物。这种反应也发生在我们体内。过氧化物在我们的细胞内有毒性作用。因此，它们必须在生产后立即被中和。我们的细胞具有特殊的机制。我们的细胞中有一个称为过氧化物酶体的细胞器，其中包含过氧化酶。这种酶催化过氧化氢的分解为水和氧，从而执行解毒功能。

Hydrogen peroxide has hazardous properties like decomposition to oxygen and water with the evolution of heat, or decomposition due to contamination or contact with active surfaces, due to the formation of oxygen pressure increases inside the containers. Bleaching action of hydrogen peroxide is due to oxidation and release of oxygen. This oxygen will react with colouring matter to make it colourless.

H₂O₂→ H₂O + O
O + colouring matter → colourless matter

In addition to bleaching, H2O2 is useful as an oxidant for rocket fuel, for production of epoxides, pharmaceuticals and food products, as an antiseptic, etc. Moreover, hydrogen peroxide is stored in paraffin wax-coated glass, plastic or Teflon bottles.

What is the Difference Between Peroxide and Hydrogen Peroxide?

Peroxide is an anion but usually, we use this term as a general term for all the compounds containing this anion. Hydrogen peroxide, on the other hand, is the simplest compound among all peroxides. The key difference between peroxide and hydrogen peroxide is that peroxide is an anion whereas hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound.

概括– Peroxide vs Hydrogen Peroxide

过氧化物是特殊类别oxygen compounds with unique properties. The key difference between peroxide and hydrogen peroxide is that peroxide is an anion whereas hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound.

Reference:

1. “Peroxide.” Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “bottle-of-disinfectant-hydrogen-peroxide-h2o2” (CC0) viaPixino
2. “Hydrogen-peroxide-2D” (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia