Key Difference – Parental Type vs Recombinant Type Chromosomes
染色体are threadlike structures where theDNAis packaged in theirnuclei.在一个diploid cell,有23对染色体(总共46个染色体)。在gametes,仅发现23个染色体。因此它们是单倍体细胞。Meiosisis one type of细胞分裂occurs during the gamete formation in有性繁殖。在one phase of meiosis,homologous chromosomes彼此配对并制作二价。同源染色体的片段相互接触并制作chiasmata。当妹妹染色单体跨界with each other, chiasmata are formed. Chiasmata formation is important for exchanging genetic materials between homologous chromosomes in meiosis. When homologous chromosomes exchange their segments of chromosomes or genetic materials, those chromosomes are known as recombinant chromosomes. When homologous chromosomes do not exchange their genetic material due to the absence of crossover between homologous chromosomes, those chromosomes are similar to parent chromosomes. The关键区别between parental type chromosomes and recombinant type chromosomes rely on the occurrence or absence of crossover between homologous chromosomes.当重组型染色体中发生交叉体时,交叉染色体不会发生。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是父母类型的染色体
3。什么是重组型染色体
4。父母类型和重组类型染色体之间的相似之处
5.并排比较 - 父母类型与表格形式的重组类型染色体
6.Summary
什么是父母类型的染色体?
DNA or genetic material can be exchanged when chiasmata are formed between non-sister chromatids of homologous chromosomes. This occurs during the meiosis and it is the process called crossover. However, crossing over between homologous chromosomes is not a frequently occurring process. When crossover does not occur, homologous chromosomes separate into gametes without exchanging their genetic materials. Therefore, daughter cells get chromosomes that are similar to parental chromosomes.
等位基因组合与父母染色体相同。因此,父母和子细胞染色体的基因组合之间没有差异。产生的后代phenotypesresemble the parents.
什么是重组型染色体?
染色体交叉交换的过程s genetic material between homologous chromosomes. This occurs mainly during the meiotic cell division. When homologous chromosomes exchanged their genetic material, the resulting chromosomes bear new gene combinations. Hence, they are known as recombinant chromosomes.
重组染色体负责后代之间的遗传变异。跨界是一个正常的过程,它是有性繁殖的重要过程。因此,重组染色体的形成不被视为突变。由于匹配染色体之间的等位基因位置的交换,它不会导致遗传信息发生很大变化translocation(一种在非同源染色体之间发生的突变类型),因为当一个同源染色体断裂并与同源染色体的另一个匹配区域重新连接时,通常会发生交叉。
重组染色体会导致不像父母表型的后代表型。他们造成genetic diversity在生物中。
父母类型和重组型染色体之间有什么相似之处?
- Both are DNA molecules.
- Both are types of chromosomes.
- 两者都负责从父母到后代的特征继承。
What is the Difference Between Parental Type and Recombinant Type Chromosomes?
Parental Type vs Recombinant Type Chromosomes |
|
父母型染色体是由于同源染色体之间没有交叉而与亲本染色体相似的染色体。 | 重组型染色体是由于同源染色体之间穿过的染色体。 |
Allele Combinations | |
Parental type chromosomes do not produce new combinations of等位基因在染色体上。 | 重组型染色体在染色体上产生等位基因的新组合。 |
Occurence | |
Parental type chromosomes are more frequent. | 重组型染色体的频率较低。 |
遗传变异 | |
Parental type chromosomes do not cause genetic diversity. | 重组型染色体会导致遗传多样性。 |
Genetic Materials | |
父母型染色体不包括两个同源染色体的遗传材料。 | 重组型染色体由两种同源染色体的遗传材料组成。 |
概括 -Parental Type vs Recombinant Type Chromosomes
同源染色体之间的跨越使同源染色体之间交换遗传材料的机会。当交叉发生时,它会产生重组染色体。因此,子细胞获得了新的染色体组合。另一方面,当不发生交叉时,在同源染色体之间不可能交换遗传材料。因此,所产生的染色体将类似于亲本染色体。子细胞将接受类似于亲本染色体的染色体。父母染色体转化为重组染色体完全取决于交叉。这是父母类型和重组型染色体之间的差异。
下载父母类型的PDF版本与重组类型染色体
您可以下载本文的PDF版本,并根据引文注释将其用于离线目的。请在此处下载PDF版本父母类型和重组类型染色体之间的差异
参考:
1。’CROSSING-OVER and RECOMBINATION FREQUENCY’, Genetics.在这里可用
2。“Chromosomal crossover.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 26 Dec. 2017.在这里可用
图片提供:
1.Figure 11 01 02 byCNX OpenStax,,,,(CC BY 4.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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