Difference Between Human Development and Economic Development

人类发展vs Economic Development

Economic development and human development are concepts that are related to one another in that they both measure a country’s overall development in terms of economic wealth and human welfare. While human development is very much focused on the wellbeing of people, economic development covers a wide spectrum of social and economic factors. The article offers a clear overview of each and highlights the similarities, differences and relationship between the human development and economic development.

What is Human Development?

人类发展是个人的自由，机会和福祉不断改善的过程。经济学家Mahbub ul Haq在1970年代开发了人类发展的概念，即国内生产总值或国内生产总值（很大程度上是对经济增长的衡量标准）未能为人类发展的衡量而言。人类发展的概念认为，人们应该拥有良好的健康，接受教育和体面的生活水平。人类发展由人类发展指数（HDI）衡量。HDI衡量教育水平，健康和生活水平。HDI通过考虑婴儿出生时的预期寿命，识字率和学校入学率以及人均GDP的生活水平来衡量健康。人类发展的其他措施包括人类贫困指数（HPI）和性别赋权措施（GEM）。该宝石通过考虑在政治，商业及其职业生涯中担任领导角色的女性比例来衡量男女之间的不平等。该宝石还关注妇女对劳动力中的国民收入和妇女百分比的贡献。HPI衡量无法获得基本必需品的人口百分比。

什么是经济发展？

Economic development refers to the improvement of the overall economic wealth of a country. Economic development includes the development of human capital, improving standards of living, development of buildings and infrastructure, economic growth (as measured by GDP), increase in international trade, environmental health, improving health, public safety, social justice, life expectancy, literacy, etc. Economic development is aimed at improving the economic and social wellbeing of the country and its people. According to the findings of Professor Michael Todaro, the best way to measure economic development is through the Human Development Index (HDI). He argues that HDI takes into consideration the literacy rates of the country as well as life expectancy, which can have a huge impact on productivity.

What is the difference between Economic Development and Human Development?

Economic development and human development are both measures that are used to determine the overall development in a country or region. Measures of economic development are very broad and include a wide spectrum of elements such as economic growth (measured by GDP), standards of living, infrastructure, international trade, environmental health, public safety, social justice, life expectancy, literacy, health, etc. Human development is a component that makes up economic development. A country’s GDP does not take into consideration people’s health, education or standard of living. Hence measures such as HDI, GEM, and HPI were developed to measure human development in terms of health, education, standard of living, income, poverty, gender equality, etc. Human development can lead to economic development, as when more people have better education, health and standard of living that will increase the levels of productivity, investment and economic growth which can eventually result in economic development.

Summary:

Economic Development vs Human Development

• Economic development and human development are concepts that are related to one another in that they both measure a country’s overall development in terms of economic wealth and human welfare.

•经济发展是指改善一个国家的整体经济财富。

• Measures of economic development are very broad and include a wide spectrum of elements such as economic growth (measured by GDP), standards of living, infrastructure, international trade, environmental health, public safety, social justice, life expectancy, literacy, health, etc.

• Human development is the process in which an individual’s freedom, opportunities and wellbeing are continuously improved.

• Human development is measured by the Human Development Index (HDI). The HDI measures the education levels, health and standard of living.

•人类发展的其他措施包括人类贫困指数（HPI）和性别赋权措施（GEM）。

• Human development can lead to economic development, as more people having better education, health, and standard of living increase the levels of productivity, investment and economic growth which can eventually result in economic development.