法医与犯罪学
法医学,也称为法医科学,是应用科学方法来回答与犯罪或民事诉讼有关的问题的过程。取证分为大量分区,例如法医会计,法医人类学,法医考古学,计算法医学等。犯罪学是对犯罪行为,犯罪的原因,预防犯罪和康复/康复/惩罚的研究。犯罪学可以看作是结合行为科学,社会科学和法律的跨学科领域。
什么是取证?
法医学是应用科学的过程我thods for answering questions that arise in relation to crime or civil action. Forensics provides scientific evidence that could be used in criminal investigations. Forensics involves sciences such as chemistry, biology, physics, geology, psychology, social science, etc. Therefore, forensics is considered as a multidisciplinary subject. Typically, in a criminal investigation, crime scene investigators will gather evidence from the crime scene and those are handed over to forensic scientists, who will use scientific evidence to assist the investigation. Among the subfields of forensics, forensic accounting deals with studying evidences related to accounting; forensic anthropology applies anthropology for identifying human remaining and forensic chemistry deals with identifying explosives, gunshot residue and drugs. Some forensic techniques such as comparative bullet-lead analysis (tracing a bullet using its chemical substances) and forensic dentistry (using evidences such as bite marks) are considered as unsound techniques.
什么是犯罪学?
犯罪学是对犯罪行为,犯罪原因,预防犯罪和康复/惩罚罪犯的研究。犯罪学可以看作是结合行为科学,社会科学和法律的跨学科领域。犯罪学经常通过观察一些犯罪来开发犯罪分子,这些犯罪可用于执法机构的调查。犯罪学中有一些流行的理论,名为古典,实证主义和个人特征。犯罪学的经典理论指出,犯罪是由人们犯下犯罪时犯下的犯罪。根据这一理论,可以通过提供更严厉的惩罚来预防犯罪,以使后果超过利益。实证主义理论指出,犯罪是由于个人无法控制的内部和外部因素而犯下的。这些因素包括贫困,教育等。该理论表明,可以消除这些因素,可以避免犯罪。个别特征理论表明,犯罪分子和非犯罪分子可以通过心理和生物学特征来区分。当具有这些特征的人与社会互动时,犯罪就会犯下。 According to this theory, crimes can be prevented by limiting the interactions between such individuals and the society.
取证和犯罪学有什么区别?
取证是应用科学方法来回答与犯罪或民事诉讼有关的问题,并提供在这种情况下可以使用的科学证据,而犯罪学是对犯罪行为,犯罪的原因,防止犯罪和预防犯罪和预防犯罪的方法的研究对罪犯的康复/惩罚。法医提供了可以在刑事调查中使用的科学证据,而犯罪学则可以通过观察一些犯罪来用于开发犯罪分子,这些犯罪可用于刑事调查。
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