Thekey differencebetween dominant and recessive epistasis is thatin dominant epistasis, thedominant alleleof one gene masks the expression of all alleles of another gene, while inrecessive epistasis, the隐性等位基因of one gene mask the expression of all alleles of another gene.
Epistasis is a phenomenon or a type ofpolygenicinteraction where one gene controls thephenotype另一个特征的基因。这两个基因都对性状的外观有影响,但是表现出上述性的一个基因掩盖了另一个特征的作用。表现出上毒的基因可能是占主导地位或隐性的。因此,主导和隐性遗传是不同类型的上毒类型。
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Dominant Epistasis
3.What is Recessive Epistasis
4.主导和隐性遗传学之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Dominant vs Recessive Epistasis in Tabular Form
6.概括
What is Dominant Epistasis?
In some instances, a dominant allele at one locus masks the phenotype of a second locus. This is called dominant epistasis. The fruit and flower colour of plants is a common example used to explain dominant epistasis. Fruit colour in summer squash is expressed in this way. The homozygous recessive expression of theWgene(ww)coupled with a homozygous dominant or heterozygous dominant expression of theYgene(YY or Yy)在夏季南瓜产生黄色的水果,而wwyy(both genes recessive) genotype produces green fruit. However, if a dominant copy of theWgene is present in the homozygous or heterozygous form, the summer squash will be a white fruit regardless of theYalleles.
在高粱中,谷物要么是珍珠或白垩。当将具有珍珠颗粒和粉笔颗粒的植物交叉时,由此产生的F1种群是珍珠般的。F2种群分离模式为3珍珠:1粉笔。同样,谷物颜色是红色或白色。当越过红谷物和另一种带有白谷物的植物时,最终的F1种群为红色。F2种群分离模式为3红色:1个白色。谷物的红色掩盖了另一个字符的表达;它要么是谷物的珠宝或粉笔。当谷物颜色为白色时,可以说谷物是珍珠还是白垩。但是,当谷物是红色的时,不可能说谷物是珍珠还是白垩。 The classical F2 segregation ratio of 9:3:3:1 becomes modified into 12:3:1 in dominant epistasis.
There are no simple examples of dominant epistasis in humans. However, scientists believe this is one of the mechanisms that are involved in complex diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease, autism, and diabetes.
What is Recessive Epistasis?
In recessive epistasis, the recessive alleles of one gene mask the phenotypic expression of a second gene. In other words, when one gene is homozygous recessive, it hides the phenotype of the other. A well-known example of recessive epistasis is pigmentation in mice. The wild type coat colour, agouti (AA) is dominant to coloured fur (aa). Anyhow, a separate gene (C) is necessary for pigmentation production.
A mouse with recessive c allele at this locus is unable to produce pigment and is albino regardless of the allele present in locus A. Therefore, the genotypes AAcc, Aacc, and aacc all produce an albino phenotype. In this case, the C gene is epistatic to the A gene. The classical F2 segregation ratio of 9:3:3:1 becomes modified into 9:3:4 in recessive epistasis.
主导和隐性遗传性的相似之处是什么?
- 它们是遗传相互作用。
- They are both types of epistasis.
- 在这两种现象中,一个基因的等位基因掩盖了另一个基因等位基因的表型。
- They are extremely important for gene expression and genetic diversity.
主导性和遗传性上述有什么区别?
一个人的基因没有表达彼此隔离。相反,它们在共同的环境中起作用。因此,基因之间的相互作用发生。基因之间的相互作用在上毒中是拮抗作用,一个基因掩盖了另一个的表达。在主要的上述性中,一个基因的主要等位基因掩盖了另一个基因的所有等位基因的表达,而在隐性遗传上,一个基因的隐性等位基因掩盖了另一个基因的所有等位基因的表达。因此,这是主导和隐性遗传学之间的关键区别。
The below infographic tabulates the differences between dominant and recessive epistasis for side by side comparison.
概括– Dominant vs Recessive Epistasis
上毒可以定义为一种基因相互作用,其中一个基因会干扰另一个非平行基因的表型表达。掩盖其他非平行基因的表型表达的基因称为上皮基因。被上毒基因抑制的基因称为降压基因。有不同类型的上毒是占主导地位和隐性的。上毒基因处于主要的上毒状态,而上毒基因处于隐性遗传性遗传的遗传状态。因此,这是主导性和遗传性上述差异的摘要。
Reference:
1. “Dominant vs Recessive Epistasis: Example & Analysis.” Study.com.Available here.
2. “Epistasis.” Biology Dictionary, 27 Mar. 2019,Available here.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Figure 12 03 05” ByCNX OpenStax–(CC BY 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
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