临界点和三重点之间的差异

关键区别 - 关键点与Triple观点

临界点和三重点是用于解释温度和压力的术语，其中两个或多个物质可以彼此共存。临界点是同一物质的液相和蒸气相共存的条件。三重点是这三个的条件物质阶段can coexist with each other. Thekey difference在关键点和三重点之间critical point describes the coexistence of two phases of same substance whereas triple point describes the coexistence of three phases of the same substance.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Critical Point
3.What is Triple Point
4.Similarities Between Critical Point and Triple Point
5.Side by Side Comparison – Critical Point vs Triple Point in Tabular Form
6.概括

What is Critical Point?

The critical point of a substance is the end point of thephase equilibrium curve该物质。相位平衡曲线或相图是压力与温度的图表，其中显示了物质的相变。这表明该物质存在的温度和压力solid, liquid或者气体。临界点是液体和蒸气相共存的温度和压力。

临界点的温度和压力称为临界温度（TC）和临界压力（PC）。如上图所示，两个阶段之间的界线称为边界。一个临界点表示线边界的消失。

了解物质的临界点是sometimes very important. For example, a gas can never be condensed at temperatures and pressures above its critical point. This is because theintermolecular forcesbetween gas molecule are weakened at very high temperatures since thekinetic energy这些分子的增加。

There are two types of the critical point;

1. Liquid-Vapour Critical Point

This is a typical critical point at which the vapour of a substance is coexisting with its liquid form. The critical point of water is at 647 K and 22.064 MPa.

2. 液体液体临界点

这种类型的关键点是为解决方案定义的。正是将溶液混合物分成两个不同的液相的温度和压力。

什么是三点？

The triple point is the temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and vapour phases of a particular substance coexist in equilibrium. It describes a specific thermodynamic state of matte. Sometimes, the triple point may involve more than one solid phase when there are polymorphs of the substance exist. In a phase diagram, the triple point is the point at which all three boundary lines meet with each other. Some examples of triple points are given below.

What are the Similarities Between Critical Point and Triple Point?

• Both Critical Point and Triple Point describe certain specific temperatures and pressures.
• Both Critical Point and Triple Point describe equilibrium states where two or more physical states of a substance coexist.

What is the Difference Between Critical Point and Triple Point?

临界点与三点
物质的临界点是该物质相平衡曲线的终点。	The triple point is the temperature and pressure at which solid, liquid, and vapour phases of a particular substance coexist in equilibrium.
Phases
Critical point describes the coexistence of two phases of the same substance.	Triple point describes the coexistence of three phases of the same substance.
Water as an Example
The critical point of water is at 647 K and 22.064 MPa.	The triple point of water is at 273.16 K and 0.611657 MPa.
Phase Diagram
关键点是一个phase diagramcurve.	Triple point is the point at which all the boundary line meet with each other.

概括–临界点vsTriple观点

物质的临界点是该物质的相平衡曲线的终点，它给出了物质的液体和蒸气相的温度和压力，可以彼此共存。三重点给出了所有三个物质可以彼此共存的温度和压力。临界点和三重点之间的差异是，临界点描述了相同物质的两个阶段的共存，而三点描述了同一物质的三个阶段的共存。

Reference:

1.Helmenstine, Anne Marie, D. “Triple Point Definition and Example (Chemistry).” ThoughtCo, Nov. 10, 2017.Available here
2.“Triple point.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 6 Mar. 2018.Available here
3.“Critical Point.” Chemistry LibreTexts, Libretexts, 21 July 2016.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.’Matthieumarechal的phase-diag2'，(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia