Difference Between Bridge and Router

Bridge vs Router

桥梁和路由器是两个不同的网络设备，它们在它们的工作方式之间具有明确的差异。桥是用于互连两个或多个的网络设备networkstogether so that it looks like a single network. A router, on the other hand, is a device that chooses the best path that a packet must be routed through to reach the destination. A bridge is a simple device that works on the layer 2 of the network model bases onMAC addresses. A router is a more complex device that works on the layer 3 of the network model based onIP addresses. A bridge does not block any broadcast traffic, but a router can block them as packets are routed rather than being broadcasted.

What is a Bridge?

A bridge is a networking device used to connect two or more networks together so that they are interconnected into a single broadcasting domain. Theses devices work in the data link layer of the OSI reference model and hence are layer 2 devices. A network bridge does not deal with IP addresses but only works with MAC addresses. When two networks are bridged, it is like they are on one network. There is no network segmentation based on thesubnets,因此,所有广播交通流量通过ugh the bridge. A bridge uses a table called a bridge table that keeps track of which packets must be forwarded through the bridge based on the destination MAC address. This table is a simple table that is prepared by self-learning and no complexalgorithmsare used. Network bridges can be created in软件as well. Say your computer has two Network接口您想桥接它们，以便双方的计算机可以相互通信。在这种情况下，我们可以使用软件桥。此软件功能由操作系统提供视窗, you can easily bridge two interfaces by selecting the bridge option from the menu you get by right-clicking on two selected interfaces. InLinux，Bridge-Utils软件包提供桥接设施。

什么是路由器？

A router is a networking device that routes data packets across a network. It works in the network layer of the OSI reference model and hence is a layer 3 device. A router follows a store and forward mechanism. A router maintains a table called a routing table that consists of the gateway IP through which a packet must be routed to reach a certain destination IP. The routing table can be statically set by the network administrator or can be auto-generated using routing algorithms. When a router receives a packet is first stores the packet in the router memory and analyzes the destination IP address of the packet. Then it lookup the routing table to see through which gateway the packet must be routed. Then based on that information it forwards the packet appropriately. As routing algorithms are more complex, it requires considerable processing power making it costly. A router is typically used to connect different subnets rather than connecting networks of a same subnet. Say you have one subnet of the range 192.168.1.0 – 192.168.1.255 and another subnet of the range 192.168.10.1 – 192.168.10.255 and you want to interconnect the two subnets. In this case, a router would be necessary as routing based on destination IP addresses is expected.

桥梁和路由器有什么区别？

• A bridge is a layer 2 device that works in the data link layer while a router is a layer 3 devices that work in the network layer.

• A router selects the best path or the route a packet must be sent in order to reach the destination. A bridge interconnects two or more networks together.

• A router does its routing based on IP addresses. A bridge uses MAC addresses to decide to which interface the packets must be pushed.

•路由器比桥梁更聪明。路由器基于称为路由算法的复杂算法的作品。基于简单的自学习算法的桥梁工作。

• A router needs more processing power and resources than a bridge. So the cost of a router would be higher than the cost of a bridge.

•路由器应处理复杂的数据结构，例如图, but a bridge deals with simple data structures such astables.

•桥梁不提供网络细分。连接到桥梁的两个网络位于同一广播域。但是路由器可以启用网络细分。不同广播域的网络可以互连。

• In bridges, a protocol called STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) is used to prevent any loops. In routers, such protocol is not used as any loops are prevented by routing algorithms itself.

• A bridge does not block any broadcast or multicast traffic. But a router can block any broadcast or multicast traffic.

Summary:

Bridge vs Router

桥是用于互连两个或多个网络的2层网络设备。它基于MAC地址工作，任何广播流量都将在没有任何阻塞的情况下复制。路由器是第3层网络设备，用于根据目标IP地址在最佳路径上路由数据包。路由器基于IP地址和称为路由算法的复杂算法集的作品。因此，路由器将使将两个具有不同IP范围的子网连接在一起，而桥梁将互连两个网络只是为了制作一个广播域而无需考虑IP地址。路由器比桥梁更复杂，因此需要更多的处理能力，使其比桥梁昂贵。

图像提供：

1. Network bridging view using ISO/OSI layers and terminologybyCrvincenzi(CC BY-SA 3.0)
2. RouterbyClamad(CC BY 3.0)