同化和异化硫酸盐还原之间的差异

Thekey differencebetween assimilatory and dissimilatory sulphate reduction is thatassimilatory sulphate reduction produces半胱氨酸as an end product while dissimilatory sulphate reduction produces sulfide as an end product.

Sulphate reduction is one of the mainanaerobic respiratory途径。此外，一些取决于厌氧条件的微生物能够减少硫酸盐以获得能量。此外，有两种主要途径减少硫酸盐。它们是同化途径和异化途径。其中，在同化途径中，硫酸盐的还原产生半胱氨酸作为其最终产物，可以在植物和较高的真核生物等活生物体中吸收。相反，硫酸盐还原的异化途径可将硫化物作为最终产物。因此，同化和异化硫酸盐还原之间最显着的，最明显的差异是每种产生的最终产物的类型。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是同化硫酸盐还原
3.What is Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction
4.Similarities Between Assimilatory and Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction
5。Side by Side Comparison – Assimilatory vs Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction in Tabular Form
6。概括

什么是同化硫酸盐还原？

As said before, assimilatory sulphate reduction is one of the two main pathways in sulphate reduction, which is one of the main anaerobic respiratory pathways. Specifically, it takes place in microbes includingprokaryoticbacteria, fungiand photosynthetic organisms. These organisms are capable of undergoing anaerobic reactions for energy generation. Here, the main form of energy source for sulphate reducing organisms is the sulfate. The sulfate reduces into cysteine, which is the prominent end product of this pathway. Furthermore, the enzymes mediate this process. Also, this pathway depends onATP。最终产物半胱氨酸对于以半胱氨酸氨基酸或同型半胱氨酸的形式形成碳骨架很重要。

In the assimilatory sulphate reduction pathway, the starting compound sulphate first converts into adenosine – 5 – phosphosulfate (APS). Afterwards, the APS reduces to form sulfide via a series of enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Then, the final step in the assimilatory pathway of sulphate reduction is the synthesis of cysteine from sulfide. This whole process requires an enzyme called O–acetylserine sulfhydrylase.

什么是异化硫酸盐还原？

异化硫酸盐还原是厌氧过程。它是硫酸盐还原途径的第二个途径。在这里，一些原核生物，真核真菌和光合生物可以在异化途径中降低硫酸盐。然而，脱水硫酸盐还原可产生硫化物作为其最终产物。像同化硫酸盐的还原一样，它也是酶介导的过程，取决于ATP。

因此，与同化途径相似，这里的第一个反应是硫酸盐激活形成腺苷 - 5 - 磷酸硫酸盐（APS）。随后，AP通过一系列酶的化学反应变为亚硫酸盐，然后通过硫化物变为硫化物。因此，在硫酸盐还原的异化途径中，最终产物是硫化物，一种无机化合物。

同化和异化硫酸盐还原之间有什么相似之处？

• 这两个过程均在厌氧条件下进行。
• Also, the starting compound of both processes is sulphate.
• Furthermore, sulphate acts as the final electron acceptor in both processes.
• Moreover, both reduction processes are ATP dependent.
• In addition, the activation of sulphate to adenosine – 5 – phosphosulphate is common to both processes.
• Besides, they are enzyme-catalyzed reactions.
• Both reduction processes are carried out by prokaryotes, fungi and photosynthetic organisms.

What is the Difference Between Assimilatory and Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction?

Assimilatory and Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction are two anaerobic processes in which sulphate act as the starting material. In particular, microbes employ these processes to obtain energy for their activities. However, the key difference between assimilatory and dissimilatory sulphate reduction is that the assimilatory sulphate reduction finally produces cysteine while the dissimilatory sulphate reduction finally produces sulfides. Another difference between assimilatory and dissimilatory sulphate reduction is the enzymes that involve in the catalysis of the reactions. The enzyme O – acetylserine sulfhydrylase catalyzes the assimilatory sulphate reduction while dissimilatory sulfite reductase catalyzes the dissimilatory sulphate reduction.

The below infographic on the difference between assimilatory and dissimilatory sulphate reduction shows more details.

概括– Assimilatory vs Dissimilatory Sulphate Reduction

Assimilatory and Dissimilatory Sulphate reduction processes are anaerobic processes. In both processes, sulphate acts as the final electron acceptor. Also, both processes are carried out by microbes and photosynthetic organisms. Moreover, they both depend on ATP as well. However, assimilatory reduction of sulphate is the process that produces cysteine and homocysteine as the final products. In contrast, dissimilatory sulphate reduction produces sulfide as the end product. Therefore, this is the difference between assimilatory and dissimilatory sulphate reduction.

Reference:

1.Koprivova，Anna等。“ C3，C3-C4和C4物种的同化硫酸盐还原。”植物生理学，美国植物生物学家学会，2001年10月1日。Available here
2.“Unifying Concepts in Anaerobic Respiration: Insights from Dissimilatory Sulfur Metabolism.” NeuroImage, Academic Press, 10 Sept. 2012.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1。”没有机器可读的aut Dvulgaris显微图”hor provided. Graham Bradley assumed (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2.”Dissimilatory Sulfate Reduction overall reactions”By CtSkennerton – Own work,(CC BY-SA 4.0)viaCommons Wikimedia