Difference Between Aspergillus and Penicillium

Thekey differencebetween曲霉us和Penicilliumis that曲霉us is a genus ofascomycetesfungi that have an unbranched and non-septate conidiophore, while Penicillium is another genus of ascomycetes fungi that have a branched, septate and brush-likeconidiophore.

Ascomycota is a phylum of Kingdom Fungi. In fact, it is the largest phylum of fungi with about 64,000 species described. They are filamentous septate fungi. They reproduce via ascospores produced in the sac-like structure called ascus. Most ascomycetes fungi make symbiotic relationships with algae or cyanobacteria, forming lichens. Moreover, they help in the formation ofmycorrhizaeas well. Some ascomycetes produce antibiotics while some act as model organisms in genetics and cell biology studies. Not only that, many species cause plant and animal diseases. Among the many different genera of ascomycetes, Aspergillus and Penicillium are two popular and important genera.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Aspergillus
3.What is Penicillium
4.Similarities Between Aspergillus and Penicillium
5.Side by Side Comparison – Aspergillus vs Penicillium in Tabular Form
6。概括

什么是曲霉？

曲霉usis a genus of ascomycetes fungi commonly found in soil and other environments, especially abundant on organic materials. It consists of about 300 identified species of molds. Most of the曲霉usspecies reproduce asexually by the formation of asexual spores. Other species use sexual reproduction methods.曲霉us物种表现出极大的工业重要性。它们在商业规模的有机酸和酶产生中的价值是巨大的。柠檬酸是由A. niger.Over 99 % of the global citric acid production happens with the use of曲霉usfungal species. Through the fermentation process, Aspergillus species synthesize enzymes such as glucose oxidase, lysozyme, amylases, pectinases, proteases, and lactase, and it is useful in industries when producing enzymes in commercial scale.

Furthermore,曲霉usspecies are useful as a bio adsorbent to detoxify and decolourize wastewater samples. They are also useful in thebiotransformationof xenobiotics,生物修复和as a cell protein for feed. Not only those, but some曲霉us物种也充当潜能l biofertilizers, which can increase nutrients in the soil.

Also, most of the曲霉usspecies are less harmful. But some species cause aspergillosis, pneumonia otomycosis, cutaneous infections, and pulmonary disease, etc.

What is Penicillium?

Penicillium是Ascomycetes真菌的另一个属。如同曲霉us,Penicilliumspecies are also present everywhere in the environment. MostPenicillium物种是促进植物生长的真菌，可增强植物的生长。而且，Penicilliumspp increases disease resistance against Downy Mildew disease. Furthermore, somePenicillium物种是在淹没发酵下有效的纤维素酶生产者。因此，Penicilliumspecies show a greater potential in effective bioconversion of cellulosic biomass into biofuels and biochemicals to replace fossil fuels by the enzymatic hydrolysis.P. echinulatum和P. oxalicumare capable of producing the enzyme β-glucosidase, which is essential in the biomass-based biofuel industry.P. oxalicumhas been identified as an efficient phosphate solubilizing fungus and a potential biofertilizer. Moreover,Penicilliumspecies are capable of working as a bio-control agent in inhibiting the growth of root and crown rot pathogen,Fusarium oxysporum.

虽然Penicilliumspecies are not known to cause invasive diseases, they cause crop diseases. For example,P. oxalicum据报道是墨西哥番茄蓝色霉菌的病因。

曲曲霉和青霉之间有什么相似之处？

• 两个都曲霉us和Penicillium是Ascomycetes真菌。
• 两者都是丝状真菌，无处不在。
• They have great potential as a biofertilizer.
• 而且，they are industrially important in synthesizing enzymes, organic acids, etc.

What is the Difference Between Aspergillus and Penicillium?

Ascomycetes are sac fungi.曲霉us和Penicillium是两个子宫菌的两个属。曲霉usconidiophores are non-septate and unbranched stalks whilePenicillium分生孢子是分隔和分支刷状结构。因此，这是曲霉us和Penicillium.

而且，the colour of the曲霉usspecies ranges from green, yellow, brown to black while Penicillium species are mostly blue in colour. Therefore, this too is a difference between曲霉us和青霉。

下面的信息图显示了与差异有关的更多比较曲霉us和青霉。

概括

曲霉us和Penicilliumare two genera of Ascomycetes fungi. Both fungi genera include filamentous fungi. However, they primarily differ from conidiophores characteristics.曲霉usfungi have a non-septate and unbranched conidiophore or stalk. On the other hand,Penicilliumspecies have brush-like conidiophores and are septate and branched. So, this is the key difference between曲霉us和青霉。

Reference:

1. “Ascomycota.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 5 July 2019,Available here.
2.“青霉。”。青霉|在线真菌学，2001年5月15日，Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1.” Penicillium sp. (ascomycetous fungi)” By Carlos de Paz from A Coruña, España – Penicillium, CC BY-SA 2.0) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Aspergillus niger 01” Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia