SEC和TAT途径有什么区别|比较类似术语之间的差异

这key difference between SEC and TAT pathway是SEC路径运输展开的蛋白质而tat途径运输folded proteins。

蛋白质合成and transport mechanisms are common in all animals, plants, archaea, and bacteria. Protein transport refers to the movement of proteins from cellular or extracellular compartments to another. SEC pathway and TAT pathway are two such systems involved in the transportation of proteins. These systems transport proteins either across the cytoplasmic membrane or the plasma membrane. The process of such transportation varies from organism to organism, depending on the advanced nature. SEC pathway is more advanced than the TAT pathway since it consists of different subcategories and more advanced signaling systems. Both systems’ transportation pathways are facilitated by内吞作用，胞吐作用，蛋白质易位和膜运输。

1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是SEC路径
3。What is TAT Pathway
4。相似之处 - SEC和TAT途径
5。SEC VS TAT路径以表格形式
6。摘要 - SEC VS TAT途径

什么是SEC路径?

SEC pathway or secretory pathway is a carrier pathway that comprises ubiquitous and universal export machinery for most proteins integrated into or translocated through the plasma membrane. This is an essential pathway in the biological systems which induces the transportation of proteins to the cell membrane, where they get released. For many proteins, the SEC pathway occurs at a relatively constant rate. The synthesizing rate of proteins directly affects the transportation rate. During the SEC pathway, the transportation of proteins takes place in an unfolded manner.

图01：SEC途径的细胞器

Proteins that are targeted to the SEC pathway are comprised of two groups. One group of proteins includes the proteins that function in the ER and Golgi to ensure proper protein folding and modification (resident proteins). The second group of proteins includes the proteins that are processed in ER and Golgi and transported to later compartments such as the plasma membrane, lysosomes, and extracellular space. These proteins possess two signaling mechanisms. One signal instructs the proteins to enter the secretory pathway, and the second signal instructs the proteins to localize it to a particular organelle within the pathway.

什么是tat路径？

TAT途径或双精氨酸易位途径是在植物，细菌和古细菌中发现的蛋白质转运途径。在此途径期间，蛋白质以折叠方式在脂质膜双层中运输。在植物中，TAT途径存在于叶绿体的类囊体膜中。在这里，蛋白质转移到类囊体管腔中。在细菌中，它存在于细胞质膜中，并将蛋白质传输到细胞包膜上。

图02：TAT途径中的蛋白质

在TAT途径的过程中，蛋白质的折叠发生在运输前，因为它们包含插入细胞质中的氧化还原辅助因子。折叠还有助于避免在活性位点插入不正确的金属离子辅因子。对于细菌和古细菌，TAT途径的需求各不相同。在某些生物体中，这是一种必不可少的运输机制，而在另一些生物体中，它是不必要的。在某些古细菌和细菌中，TAT途径完全不存在。TAT途径还取决于基本的运输机制，例如膜运输，蛋白质易位和内吞作用或胞吐作用。

What are the Similarities Between SEC and TAT Pathway?

SEC和TAT途径是用于运输目的的生活系统中的重要组成部分。
它们参与蛋白质的运输。
Moreover, both pathways function according to a particular signaling system.
SEC和TAT途径都通过膜运输，蛋白质易位，内吞作用或胞吐作用来促进。

SEC和TAT途径有什么区别？

SEC和TAT途径之间的关键区别在于，SEC途径在TAT途径传输折叠蛋白的同时转运展开的蛋白质。SEC途径在动物中最常见。TAT途径在植物，古细菌和细菌中最常见。此外，SEC途径在所有动物中都可以使用，并且作为必不可少的组成部分。另一方面，TAT途径可能是必不可少的，不必要的或完全不存在的。

下面的信息图显示了与表格形式的SEC和TAT途径之间的差异，以进行并排比较。

摘要 - SEC VS TAT途径

蛋白质合成和运输机制在所有动物，植物，古细菌和细菌中都是常见的。蛋白质的转运涉及蛋白质从细胞或细胞外隔室转移到另一个。SEC途径和TAT途径是参与蛋白质运输的两个系统。SEC和TAT途径之间的关键区别在于，SEC途径在TAT途径传输折叠蛋白的同时转运展开的蛋白质。这两种系统的运输途径均通过内吞作用，胞吞作用，蛋白质易位和膜运输促进。

参考：

1。Palmer, Tracy, and Ben C. Berks. “双精氨酸易位（TAT）蛋白出口途径。”Nature News, Nature Publishing Group, 11 June 2012.
2. Tsirigotaki，Alexandra等。“通过细菌SEC途径导出蛋白质。”自然新闻，自然出版集团，2016年11月28日。