这关键区别between glyoxylate and TCA cycle是乙醛酸循环是合成代谢途径where glucose is produced fromfatty acids而TCA循环是一种分解代谢途径,可为细胞产生大量能量。
所有生物体都需要能量来维持身体的基本功能。人类和动物具有复杂的代谢途径,因为能量需求很高。但是其他生物需要有限的能量。TCA周期是第二阶段细胞呼吸utilized by aerobic organisms to produce energy. The glyoxylate cycle is a variant of the TCA cycle present in plants, bacteria, fungi, and protists.
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是甘氧循环
3。什么是TCA周期
4。相似性 - 乙氧基化和TCA循环
5。乙氧基化与TCA循环N的表格形式
6.摘要 - 乙氧基化与TCA周期
什么是甘氧基循环?
乙二醇周期是一种合成代谢途径,发生在植物,细菌,真菌和生物中。该周期主要基于acetyl Co-A在碳水化合物合成过程中琥珀酸酯。甘酰胺循环的主要作用是将脂肪酸转化为碳水化合物。乙氧基化循环使细胞在没有糖(例如葡萄糖和果糖)的情况下使用两种碳化合物,例如乙酸盐来执行细胞需求。动物通常不存在乙二醇周期。但是,它发生在线虫中胚胎发生的早期阶段。
循环使用五种酶:柠檬酸合酶,痤疮酶,琥珀酸脱氢酶,富马酶和苹果酸脱氢酶。在植物中,乙二醇周期发生在乙氧基体中。种子在发芽过程中使用脂质作为能源。除了脂质外,植物还将乙酸盐用作碳和能源。该周期也有助于诱导植物防御机制,以防止真菌等病原体。乙氧基循环在真菌和细菌中发挥不同的功能。该循环主要发生在致病微生物中。与人类宿主接触后,乙醛酸循环的主要酶水平增加。因此,乙醛酸循环在微生物的发病机理中起重要作用。由于甘酰胺循环在致病真菌和细菌中的作用,这些酶是疾病治疗的靶标。
什么是TCA周期?
TCA周期,也称为柠檬酸循环and克雷布的周期,是一系列酶促反应的发生aerobic organisms. The TCA cycle releases stored energy through the process of oxidation of acetyl Co-A, which is derived from carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. The name of this cycle is derived from citric acid, which is also a tricarboxylic acid consumed and regenerated through the sequence of reactions to complete the cycle. The TCA cycle consumes acetate and water, and acetate is consumed in the form of acetyl Co-A. In addition, it releases carbon dioxide at the end.
This cycle is carried out by eight enzymes: citrate synthase, aconitase, isocitrate dehydrogenase, alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase, succinyl-CoA synthetase, succinate dehydrogenase, fumarase, and malate dehydrogenase. This cycle takes place in animals, plants, fungi, and bacteria. In eukaryotes, it takes place in the matrix of mitochondria, and in prokaryotes, it takes place in the cytosol. Carbon dioxide is released in the TCA cycle as a by-product. A glucose molecule is converted to acetyl Co-A prior to feeding into the cycle. The end products and intermediates of the TCA cycle are used up in lipid, amino acids, protein, and glucose metabolism.
乙氧基化和TCA循环之间有什么相似之处?
- 在两个循环中都使用了五种常见酶,柠檬酸合酶,丙酸酶,琥珀酸脱氢酶,富马酶和苹果酸脱氢酶。
- 两个循环都与乙酰基Co-A结合产生苹果酸,这是由苹果酸合酶催化的。
- 乙酸酯在两个周期中都转化为乙酰基coa。
- 两个循环都是闭环,其中途径的最后一部分会再生第一步中使用的化合物。
甘氧基酸和TCA循环有什么区别?
乙氧基化和TCA循环之间的关键差异是乙二基循环是合成代谢途径,而TCA循环是分解代谢途径。在糖基酸周期中,在TCA循环中,异位酸酯通过异氯酸酯裂解酶代替α-酮酸戊二酸酶转化为琥珀酸和乙二醇。
下面的信息图显示了与表格形式的乙氧基化和TCA循环之间的差异,以与并排比较。
摘要 - 乙氧基化与TCA周期
Energy requirements by different organisms vary with the complexity of the body. TCA cycle is the second stage of cellular respiration that undergoes a series of enzymatic reactions in the production of energy. The glyoxylate cycle is a special variant of the TCA cycle. This utilizes two carbon compounds in the absence of glucose. This is only found in plants, bacteria, fungi, and protists. TCA cycle consists of five enzyme-based reaction steps, and the glyoxylate cycle consists of eight enzyme-based reaction steps. Both cycles combine with acetyl Co-A to produce malate, which is catalyzed by malate synthase. So, this is the summary of the difference between glyoxylate and TCA cycle.
参考:
1。“柠檬酸(克雷布斯)循环。”无限的微生物学。管腔学习。
2.“”乙氧基循环。”科学直接。
图片提供:
1。“乙氧基循环捕获”原始:Agrotman,矢量版本:Flappiefh - 甘酰基循环。(CC BY-SA 3.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2.“”Citric acid cycle with aconitate 2” Narayanese,Wikiuserpedia,Yassinemrabet,Totobaggins -(CC BY-SA 3.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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