Thekey difference between alpha beta and gamma amylaseis that alpha amylase enzyme works by acting on random locations along the starch chain and beta amylase works from the non-reducing end of thepolysaccharideby cleaving alpha-1,4glycosidic bonds,whereas gamma amylase works from the non-reducing end of the polysaccharide by cleaving both alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds and alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds.
Amylase is an enzyme that can catalyze thehydrolysisof starch into sugar molecules. This enzyme is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Alpha Amylase
3.什么是β淀粉酶
4.What is Gamma Amylase
5.Alpha vs Beta vs Gamma Amylase in Tabular Form
6。Summary –Alpha vs Beta vs Gamma Amylase
What is Alpha Amylase?
Alpha amylase is an enzyme that can hydrolyze alpha bonds of large polysaccharides. These are alpha-linked polysaccharides, including starch and glycogen. This hydrolysis reaction yields shorter chains of dextrin and maltose. This is a major form of amylase that we can find in humans and other mammals. Moreover, we can find it in seeds containing starch, and it is also secreted by many types of fungi. This enzyme is a member of the glycoside hydrolase family 13.
从工业上讲,该酶在乙醇生产中很有用。它可以将淀粉中的淀粉分解为可发酵糖。用α淀粉酶处理玉米淀粉酶是产生高果糖玉米糖浆的第一步。该过程产生较短的寡糖糖链。此外,在洗涤和使用淀粉改良的洗涤剂时,称为Termamyl的α淀粉酶在某些洗涤剂中很有用。
Moreover, there are different methods we can use to determine the activity of alpha amylase enzyme. The most common way is the starch-iodine test. It is a development of the iodine test. This test depends on the colour change of the starch-iodine complex. The industrially most important test is the Phadebas amylase test.
什么是β淀粉酶?
β淀粉酶是一种可以催化多糖中α-D-葡萄糖苷键的水解,从多糖中去除麦芽糖单元。它是具有化学名称4-Alpha-D-葡聚糖麦露西水解酶的酶。
β淀粉酶的主要底物是淀粉,糖原和多糖,它们通过反转产生β-麦芽糖。此外,我们可以在细菌,真菌和植物中找到这种酶。其中,细菌和谷物来源是最热稳定的形式。β淀粉酶起源于多糖链的非还原末端。从此末端开始,这种酶通过切割两个葡萄糖单元,特别是一次麦芽糖来催化第二α-1,4糖苷键的水解。
When considering the sources of beta amylase, it occurs in an inactive form in pre-seed germination. Most microbes produce this enzyme through degrading extracellular starches. There is no beta amylase in animal tissues, although it can occur in microorganisms that exist within the digestive tract. For this enzyme to work optimally, pH 4.0 – 5.0 is an ideal range.
What is Gamma Amylase?
Gamma amylase is a type of amylase that can cleave alpha 1,6-glycosidic linkages and alpha 1,4-glycosidic bonds in amylose, amylopectin. This cleavage occurs at the non-reducing end. The product of this cleavage is glucose. Among all other forms of amylase enzyme, gamma amylase has the most acidic optimum Ph range. It has an optimal working pH of around 3.0. These gamma amylase enzymes may belong to different glycosidic hydrolase families, including the glycosidic hydrolase 15 family in fungi species, glycosidic hydrolase family 31 in humans, and glycosidic hydrolase 97 in bacteria species.
What is the Difference Between Alpha Beta and Gamma Amylase?
淀粉酶是一种可以催化淀粉水解为糖分子的酶。这种酶存在于人类和其他一些哺乳动物的唾液中。αβ和伽马淀粉酶之间的关键区别在于,α淀粉酶酶通过沿淀粉链的随机位置作用和β淀粉酶的作用,而β淀粉酶从多糖的非还原末端进行切割α-1,4 gllapha-1,4糖苷键。而伽马淀粉酶从多糖的非还原端进行裂解,通过裂解α-1,4糖苷键和α-1,6糖苷键来起作用。
以下信息图列出了αβ和伽马淀粉酶以表格形式进行并排比较的差异。
摘要 - alpha vs beta vs gamma淀粉酶
淀粉酶是一种可以催化淀粉水解为糖分子的酶。The key difference between alpha beta and gamma amylase is that alpha amylase enzyme works by acting on random locations along the starch chain and beta amylase works from the non-reducing end of the polysaccharide by cleaving alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds, whereas gamma amylase works from the non-reducing end of the polysaccharide by cleaving both alpha-1,4 glycosidic bonds and alpha-1,6 glycosidic bonds.
Reference:
1.“”The Oxford Companion to Beer Definition of Alpha Amylase。”Craft Beer & Brewing.
Image Courtesy:
1.“”Salivary alpha-amylase 1SMD通过自己的工作”。——从PDB条目1 smd。(公共《婚姻保护法》in) via Commons Wikimedia
2. “2XFR B淀粉酶” By A2-33 – Own work(CC BY-SA 3.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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