T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞之间的差异

Thekey differencebetween T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes is that theT lymphocytes originate in bone marrows and mature in the thymus while B lymphocytes originate and mature in bone marrows.

The main two types of cells in blood are red blood cells (RBC) and white blood cells (WBC). RBC carries and transports oxygen while WBC helps in defense mechanisms. There are two main types of white blood cells as粒细胞和新生细胞. Granulocytes contain granules in the cytoplasm while agranulocytes do not have granules in the cytoplasm. Agranulocytes have two main types: lymphocytes andmonocytes. Lymphocytes are similar in appearance, but they have different functions. Based on their functions, lymphocytes are divided into T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Both are important to fight against infections. The main aim of this article is to discuss the difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are T Lymphocytes
3.什么是B淋巴细胞
4。T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞之间的相似性
5。并排比较 - T淋巴细胞与表格形式的B淋巴细胞
6。概括

What are T Lymphocytes?

T lymphocytes are a type of lymphocytes, and also a type of white blood cells involved in cell-mediated immunity. 80% of the lymphocytes circulating in the blood are T lymphocytes. They are agranulocytes. T lymphocytes originate in the bone marrow. Later, they migrate to thymus for maturation. Hence, the name “T cells” is given to these cells.

T淋巴细胞有三种类型：助手T细胞，细胞毒性T细胞, and suppressor T cells. Helper T cells indirectly induce the immune system by secreting cytokines. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes directly kill the infected cells byphagocytosiswhile suppressor T cells suppress the inappropriate immune responses in the body.

什么是B淋巴细胞？

B淋巴细胞或B cells是参与体液或抗体介导的免疫的第二种类型的淋巴细胞。它们也是农业细胞。B淋巴细胞起源于骨髓中并成熟。他们占血液中循环淋巴细胞的20％。

有两种类型的B淋巴细胞作为浆细胞和记忆细胞。遇到抗原时，血浆细胞激活并分泌抗体。然后，分泌的抗体中和抗原。抗体是特定于感染的。这意味着；不同的感染将产生不同的抗体。

T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞之间有什么相似之处？

• Both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes are white blood cells.
• 它们是粒细胞（细胞质中没有颗粒）。
• 此外，它们是特定的免疫反应者（免疫系统可以识别入侵者和攻击）。
• And, they are involved in adaptive immunity of our body.
• Moreover, both types circulate through the blood.
• 而且，两者都是由骨髓产生的，但在不同的地方成熟。

T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞有什么区别？

T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞是血液中存在的两种类型的淋巴细胞。T淋巴细胞参与细胞介导的免疫力，而B淋巴细胞涉及抗体介导的免疫。因此，这是T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞之间的关键差异。此外，T淋巴细胞产生细胞因子，而B淋巴细胞产生抗体。同样，T淋巴细胞和B淋巴细胞之间的进一步差异是其成熟部位。胸腺中T淋巴细胞成熟，而B淋巴细胞在骨髓中成熟。

Moreover, there are three types of T lymphocytes as helper t cells, cytotoxic T cells, and suppressor T cells while there are two types of B lymphocytes as plasma cells and memory cells. Besides, T lymphocytes move to the site of infection while B lymphocytes do not move. Therefore, we can consider this also as a difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. Furthermore, 80% of the circulating lymphocytes in the blood are T lymphocytes while only 20% are B lymphocytes. Hence, this is also a difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

The below infographic presents more information on the difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes comparatively.

概括– T Lymphocytes vs B Lymphocytes

淋巴细胞are a type of white blood cells important in adaptive immunity in our body. T lymphocytes are involved in cell-mediated immunity while B lymphocytes are involved in humoral immunity. Bone marrows produce both T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes. However, T lymphocytes mature in thymus while B lymphocytes mature in bone marrows. There are three types of T lymphocytes as helper T cells, suppressor T cells, and cytotoxic T cells. Helper T cells activate cytotoxic T cells and B cells while cytotoxic T cells kill pathogens by phagocytosis. On the other hand, B lymphocytes produce and secrete antibodies in order to activate the immune system to destroy the antigens. B lymphocytes also have two main types: plasma cells and memory cells. Thus, this is a summary of the difference between T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes.

Reference:

1.“生物学专业二世。”腔学习、内腔Available here.
2. Cano，R Luz Elena。“ T和B淋巴细胞的简介。”当前的神经病学和神经科学报告。美国国家医学图书馆，2013年7月18日，Available here.
3. “B Cells and T Cells.” Kimball’s Biology Pages,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1.“Blausen 0625 Lymphocyte T cell (crop)” By Blausen.com staff (2014). “Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014”. WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436(CC BY 3.0)via下议院维基梅迪亚
2.通过亚利桑那科学中心–（CC BY-SA 3.0）via下议院维基梅迪亚