Difference Between Selective and Differential Media

关键区别 - 选择性与差异媒体

Microorganisms are often grown under laboratory conditions for various purposes. Growing microbes is feasible only if they are provided with a suitable culture medium and other optimal growth conditions such as pH, and temperature. A culture medium is defined as a solid or liquid preparation which includes the necessary ingredients and conditions to grow, transport and store microorganisms. Many different types of media are used to culture microorganisms. Selective media and differential media are two important and commonly used media types among them. The key difference between selective media and differential media is thatselective media are used to grow and isolate a specific type of microorganism by suppressing the growth of other microorganisms尽管差异介质用于视觉上彼此区分微生物。各种类型的微生物实验室中使用了各种选择性和差异介质。

内容

1.概述和关键差异
2.什么是选择性媒体
3.什么是差异媒体
4。并排比较 - 表格形式的选择性与差异介质
5。概括

什么是选择性媒体?

选择性培养基被定义为培养基，允许特定类型的微生物的生长，同时抑制其他微生物的生长。它们的设计方式使中等成分仅支持一种类型的微生物并抑制所有其他类型的微生物的生长。它们被配制以隔离和识别特定类型的微生物。因此，选择性媒体包含antimicrobials, dyes, alcohols, etc. for the inhibition of unwanted microorganisms. Different types of selective media are available. EMB agar, Mannitol Salt agar, MacConkey agar, and Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) agar are several routinely used selective media in laboratories.

The selectivity of the medium can be achieved by employing several methods and by adding certain inhibitors to the medium. For example, if a particular microbe has the ability to utilize a specific sugar type, a selective medium for that particular microbe can be prepared by making that specific sugar type as the only carbon source available in the medium. Specific inhibitors also can be included into media at various concentrations to suppress the growth of nonspecific microorganisms.

什么是差异媒体?

Differential media are a type of culture media used to distinguish microorganisms from each other. When microbes are grown in differential media, they produce visible characteristic changes or different growth patterns which are helpful to identify and differentiate microorganisms from one another. Differential media are designed by targeting the biochemical properties of the targeted microorganisms. Unlike selective media, differential media are not included with the chemical which suppresses or inhibits other microorganisms. It indicates only if the target microorganism is present in the medium by showing a different growth pattern or visible change.

差异培养基也可以用来区分密切相关的微生物或生物基团。有些媒体既可以选择性又具有差异性。血琼脂，EMB琼脂，MacConky琼脂是差异介质的一些例子。

What is the difference between Selective and Differential Media?

选择性与差异媒体
选择性培养基是旨在旨在生长的培养基，同时抑制其他微生物的生长。	Differential media are the culture media designed to distinguish microorganisms from one another by visible growth characteristics.
目的
选择性培养基旨在隔离和识别特定的微生物。	差异介质旨在将微生物彼此区分。
作品
Selective media contain certain specific nutrients for growth of a particular microorganism and contain dyes or toxic substances to inhibit the growth of other microbes.	差异培养基含有营养素，这些营养用微生物不同，通常不包含抑制其他微生物的抑制剂。
Examples
EMB agar, Mannitol Salt agar, MacConkey agar, and Phenylethyl Alcohol (PEA) are examples of selective media.	血琼脂，EMB琼脂和MacConky琼脂是差异介质的例子。

摘要 - 选择性与差异媒体

Culture media are used to grow, isolate, differentiate and identify microorganisms. Media are included with necessary nutrients for the growth of microorganisms. There are different types of media available for the culturing purpose. Selective media and differential media are two types of growth media. Selective media allow the growth of a specific type of microorganisms and inhibit the rest of the other microorganisms. Differential media distinguish the microorganisms by allowing them to produce visible growth pattern or different characteristics on the media. This is the difference between selective media and differential media. Certain media work as both selective and differential media.

下载PDF版本的选择性与差异媒体

You can download PDF version of this article and use it for offline purposes as per citation notes. Please download PDF version here选择性和差异媒体之间的区别。

参考：

1. Selective and Differential Media for Identifying Microorganisms (Theory): Microbiology Virtual Lab I: Biotechnology and Biomedical Engineering: Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham Virtual Lab. N.p., n.d.Available here。网络。2017年6月6日。
2.“生长培养基。”维基百科。Wikimedia基金会，2017年4月28日。Available here.2017年6月6日。

Image Courtesy:

1. xishan01的“选择性整齐媒体板上的MRSA” - 自己的作品（CC BY-SA 3.0）下议院维基百科
2. “E.coli-fields” By Carmen Moreno González – Own work（CC BY-SA 4.0）via下议院维基梅迪亚