这关键区别between radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay是在放射免疫测定中,将要测量的样品或化合物与放射性抗原在组合前结合使用,而在免疫放射测定法中,样品或化合物立即与放射性标记的抗体结合。
免疫测定是一种生化测试,可检测使用使用溶液中大分子的存在或浓度antibody or antigen。荧光和放射性抗体用于测量样品中的抗原。最初,在降水技术中使用抗体,例如免疫沉淀,免疫原子和免疫 - 电泳用于血清蛋白分析。目前,使用高度敏感的技术,例如放射免疫测定法和免疫放射测定法,用于测量药物,肿瘤标记和激素。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是放射免疫测定法
3。什么是免疫放射测定法
4。相似性 - 放射免疫测定和免疫放射测定法
5。放射免疫测定与表格形式的免疫放射测定法
6。Summary – Radioimmunoassay vs Immunoradiometric Assay
什么是放射免疫测定法?
放射免疫测定(RIA)是一种免疫测定法,使用放射性元件逐步形成抗原抗体复合物。RIA通常使用放射性抗体检测样品中的抗原量。RIA是一个非常具体且高度敏感的in vitro测定。RIA背后的原则具有竞争性约束力。在这里,放射性抗原与非放射性抗原竞争恒定量的抗体或受体结合位点。RIA需要特殊的许可和预防措施,因为使用了放射性物质,并且它仍然是最便宜的技术之一。
During RIA, a known amount of antigen is made radioactive frequently by labelling it with gamma-radioactive isotopes of iodine attached to tyrosine. Then this antigen is combined with a known amount of antibody. Here, both antigen and antibody specifically bind to one another. Then, a blood-serum sample is added to initiate a competitive reaction between the labeled antigens and unlabeled antigens in the serum with specific antibodies. In this reaction, antibodies release a certain amount of labeled antigen. This quantity is proportional to the ratio of labeled to unlabeled antigen. Finally, a binding curve is generated to derive the amount of antigen in a patient’s blood serum.
什么是免疫放射测定法?
免疫放射测定法(IRMA)是一种使用放射标记抗体的免疫测定法。在IRMA中,使用放射性同位素标记抗体。这些抗体与特定样品中存在的抗原结合。在阳性样品中,放射性标记的抗体与抗原的游离表位结合。这形成了抗原抗体复合物。
在第二个反应中,使用固相抗原去除未结合的标记抗体。溶液中其余数量的放射性抗体是抗原浓度的直接功能。IRMA被称为过量试剂测定法,其中使用过量的放射性标记抗体作为试剂。在这里,允许过量的标记抗体或抗原反应。作为最后一步,分离抗原结合和游离抗体,抗原结合部分进行放射性测定。在这里,分数的活性与抗原的浓度成正比。
放射免疫测定和免疫放射测定法之间有什么相似之处?
- 放射免疫测定法和免疫放射测定法是在抗原抗体复合物的逐步形成中使用放射性元件的免疫测定。
- 它们形成抗原抗体复合物。
等一个之间的区别是什么d Immunoradiometric Assay?
Radioimmunoassay is an immunoassay that determines antibody levels by an antigen labeled with a radioisotope while immunoradiometric assay is an excess reagent assay that uses an excess concentration of radiolabeled antibody. Thus, this is the key difference between radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay. IRMA is capable of providing higher sensitivity than RIA. In RIA, antigens are labeled with gamma-radioactive isotopes of iodine while in IRMA antibodies, are labeled using isotopes of iodine. So, this is also a difference between radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay. Since IRMA is an excess reagent technique, the assay is performed in a shorter time than RIA.
下表总结了放射免疫测定法和免疫放射测定法之间的差异。
Summary – Radioimmunoassay vs Immunoradiometric Assay
Radioimmunoassay is an immunoassay that use radioactive elements in stepwise formation to determine antibody levels. RIA usually uses radioactive antibodies. A radioactive antigen competes against a non-radioactive antigen for a constant amount of antibody or receptor binding sites. The immunoradiometric assay is an immunoassay carried out to determine antigen levels of a sample using radiolabeled antibodies. These antibodies bind to antigens present in a specific sample. At the end of each assay, an antigen-antibody complex is formed. In order to obtain the results of the assays, a binding curve is drawn. In radioimmunoassay, the labeled antigen quantity is proportional to the ratio of labeled to unlabeled antigen, but in an immunoradiometric assay, the activity of the antigen bound fraction is directly proportional to the concentration of the antigen. This is the summary of the difference between radioimmunoassay and immunoradiometric assay.
参考:
1。“Radioimmunoassays (RIAs)。”珀金·埃尔默(Perkin Elmer)。
2. Woodhead,J。S.,Addison,G。M.,Hales,C。N.(1974)。免疫放射测定和相关技术。英国医学公告,30(1),44-49。doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bmb.a071166
图片提供:
1。“免疫测定”格林格(Gringer
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