种族与物种
•种族is a system of classification of human beings only, whereas species is the most refined division of all life forms.
• Race has no biological basis whereas organisms that can mate and produce offspring are classified under the same category of species.
种族and species are terms that are confusing for some people as they use these words interchangeably thinking them to be synonymous. Are dolphins a race or species? Why there are only human races while species among animals and fish. Even plants have species. This article takes a closer look at the two concepts to come up with their differences.
物种
物种is a class or group of organisms sharing many characteristics. The most important feature on the basis of which a group of animals is classified under the category of species is their ability to mate and produce offspring. There is a system of biological hierarchy that starts from the broadest division of life and gradually narrows down finally to the smallest taxonomical rank of a species. Though there is no universal definition of species, two organisms can be said to belong to a single species if they are able to mate and produce a natural healthy offspring. This definition does not apply to many kinds of bacteria that can reproduce in an asexual manner. Species remains a very refined level in the biological ranking system.
种族
种族is a system of classification of human beings that divides human beings into large subdivisions based upon their anatomical, physical, ethnic, cultural, and geographical differences. There is no biological basis to this system of human classification as all human beings ultimately belong to the same species of homo-sapiens. Race is a concept that is subjective as humans belonging to so called different races can mate and produce human beings naturally.
What is the difference between Race and Species?
•种族仅是人类分类的系统,而物种是所有生命形式中最精致的分裂。
•种族没有生物学基础,而可以交配和产生后代的生物被分类为同一物种类别。
•如果两种生命形式在遗传上是如此不同以至于无法杂交,则据说它们属于两个不同的物种。
lizardsoncrack说
Thanks for Correcting The Record, now I know that if something can make babies with another thing then they’re the same species. I guess that means that many flowering plants are the same species. And race isn’t based off of biology/genes either. Wow, who would have guessed that physical characteristics in your race aren’t defined by your DNA? I guess I’m an African American Chinese Polish Jew with some Mexican-Muslim thrown in, after-all race is just a social construct, right?
Methink您是社会问题上的专业人士,不应在不正确理解它们的情况下尝试谈论生物学或基因。
Byron Thomas说
I am Creole. That is my social and ethnic group. I am Black under the American Law Legal description. That is where “race” comes in the United States and it Territories. My ancestry comes no way near this legal description because there is a mix of many ethnic groups and social groups going back to the 14th and 15th centuries in many European and Sub-Sahara parts of Africa. I know this because I have been researching my ancestry for over thirty years now. Now Specie is a total different area. One that is making to think of becoming Trans-human as a specie.
Edmond Morrison说
Excellent comeback The argument that Race doesn’t exist arose from Marxist teachings that Class was more important.
共产主义思想将种族视为一种社会结构。种族不是社会结构,而是遗传和生物学事实。
1948年,当联合国成立时,马克思主义关于种族的教义完全基于促进政治观点。
Written into it’s founding principles is the statement that ‘Race is a Social Construct “.
Again a politically motivated statement.
现在在学术界主导的自由主义者总是以“我们在皮肤下都相同”而基于反种族争论。
We’re not . Race exists & so do racial differences .Get over it.
Jorge说
Hear, hear, hear !!!
Paul说
但是,等等,没有不同的人类交织的种类吗?
这就是我遇到的时候最初想查找的东西。
kahéna说
我认为种族在完全不同的动物(如人和狗)之间是不同的。虽然物种是一个例子,但北部的一只兔子和南方的兔子,如果要见面,它们可以在春天创建,但是它们之间的最大区别是它们由于生活的环境而具有不同的特征。所以那是不正确的吗?
Heather Brown说
大多数人使用的种族主要指的是类似物种生物之间的区域,遗传,祖先,进化等差异。人类内部有自己的群体,可以按种族划分自己。当谈到动物或植物之类的东西时,我们几乎可以将“品种”之类的单词与种族交换,因此,朋友们不再问您的新狗是什么品种,而是可以问:“您得到了什么种族?”但是,这是令人难以置信的令人反感的,所以不要那样做。
不同的物种可以一起繁殖!!听说过m子吗?
Fane说
你好!我对一件事很好奇。在文章中提到:“种族是人类的分类体系,该体系将人类根据其解剖学,物理,种族,文化和地理差异将人类分为大细分。”但是继续说:“这种人类分类系统没有生物学基础,因为所有人类最终都属于同一种类的人类。”
解剖学和身体差异实际上不是生物学差异吗?
Praña Valgu说
So if we conducted an experiment where we had a crowd divide themselves by race, then said to the divided crowd, “all of you who are a member of the human race please come together at the center” , what do you suppose the results would be?
凯文·爱德华兹(Kevin Edwards)说
Here’s my take. Take it for what it’s worth:
There seems to be a lot of bias in the evaluation of the meaning of words. The concept of “race” can be evaluated using hard science or soft science. One of the main differences between a hard science and a soft science is how well you can abstract said science mathematically. Psychology and sociology are largely soft sciences, allowing for more bias. Their hypotheses often link to hard sciences to help substantiate their claims.
例如,遗传学是一门相当硬的科学,可用于评估种族的相关性。尽管对种族的高水平定义并不完全是一种社会结构,但在遗传学的背景下,它在很大程度上是无关紧要的。人们可以指出我们构成与种族相关的表型的遗传代码的一部分,并将其与代表与种族相关的基因型的部分进行比较。这样做的基因型远远超过了相对数量的表型。
例如,至少根据数学,将乔克和书呆子分为不同的种族对我们来说更有意义。