关键区别 - 优惠分配与私人位置
优先分配和私人安置是发行证券的两种关键方法，这些方法可以由私人和上市公司实践。优惠分配和私人位置之间的关键区别是投资者他们被提供了。Any investor can subscribe to shares offered through a preferential allotment since shares are allocated based on a preferential basis whereas only selected shareholders are entitled to the opportunity to buy securities in private placement.
CONTENTS
什么是优先分配?
这是公司对任何选定的人或一组人的股份或其他证券的问题。这类似于投资者从他或她选择的公司购买证券股票交易。
Preferential allotments do not include the shares and securities issued through the following share issues since the parties involved in them are often decided based on the type of issue.
首次公开募股（IPO）
IPO是一家公司首次向公共投资者提供股份，通过将公司列入证券交易所。该公司可以以这种方式获得更广泛的机会，以增加增加融资额。
权利问题
当公司向现有股东而不是新投资者发行股份时，它被称为权利问题。股票是根据现有股份分配的，通常以折扣价向市场价格提供股票，以便激励股东订阅该问题。
员工共享期权方案（ESOP）
这使现有员工有机会以固定价格购买一定数量的股票。EPO的目的是通过使员工与公司的目标保持一致来实现目标一致性。
员工股票购买计划（ESPP）
ESPP offers the option to purchase shares of the company at a specified price, normally referred to as the offer price, over a specified period of time. ESPP is designed to serve a similar purpose as ESOP.
Bonus Shares
奖金问题（也称为脚本问题）是指向现有股东销售的额外股份问题。这是按当前股权成比例的。由于股价降低，股票的流动性有所提高。
Issue of Sweat Equity Shares
These are shares issued for employees and directors in recognition for their positive contributions to the company. The issue of sweat equity shares is done by passing a special resolution. Following the issue of shares, they will be non-transferrable for a time of 3 year period.
上市公司的优惠分配
虽然私人和上市公司都可以进行优先分配，但更高的规则和法规适用于上市公司。这些准则由证券交易委员会引入和监管。如果上市公司优先分配，请特别注意以下内容。
- 问题的定价
- 由认股权证产生的股票定价
- Pricing of shares on conversion
什么是私人位置？
私人安置是指公司向选定的投资者提供的证券。通过IPO筹集资金可能非常昂贵且耗时；可以通过私人安置来避免这种情况，因此，许多小规模企业都喜欢这种策略。这种策略使公司可以出售证券向选定的一组投资者私下。此外，文档类型和法律含义的复杂性不那么复杂，可以有效地完成成本。
一个公司可以私人配售提供maximum of 50 investors within a financial year. Investors typically involved in private placement issues are either institutional investors (large scale investors) such as banks and other financial institutions or high-net-worth individuals. For an individual investor to participate in a private placement offering, he must be an accredited investor as defined under regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
有两种基本类型的私人位置产品，
- 股权私人安置（普通股作为证券提供）
- Debt Private Placement (debentures are offered as securities)
优惠分配和私人安置之间有什么区别？
Preferential Allotment vs Private Placement |
|
| Preferential allotment is the issue of shares or other securities by a company to any selected person or group of persons on a preferential basis. | 私人安置是指公司向选定的投资者提供的证券。 |
| 安全 | |
| Securities are offered to any investor who wishes to obtain a stake in the company. | Securities are issued to a group of investors selected by the discretion of the company. |
| 治理 | |
| 优惠分配受2013年《公司法》第62（1）（c）条的规定约束 | 私人安置受2013年《公司法》第42条规定的约束。 |
| 通过协会条款（AOA）授权 | |
| Authorization through AOA is required | 不需要通过协会条款授权 |
| 时间段 | |
| 股票应在收到资金之日起2个月内分配。 | Allocation should be done within 12 months followed by passing of a special resolution. However, for listed companies, the specific time period is very less. (15 days) |
参考文献列表：
图片提供：Pixabay
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