关键差异 - 淋巴瘤与非霍奇金的淋巴瘤
The malignancies of the淋巴系统are called the lymphomas. They are a fairly common variety of cancers whose incidence has rapidly grown during the past few decades, principally due to the increase in the number of immunocompromised hosts. Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma is one type of lymphomas whose pathogenesis is triggered by various etiological factors. Hodgkin’s lymphoma is the other type. Therefore, the difference between lymphoma and Non Hodgkin’s lymphoma arises from the fact thatlymphoma includes both Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma just is one type. Hence, here, we have mainly discussed the difference between Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是淋巴瘤(霍奇金和非霍奇金的淋巴瘤)
3。What is Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
4。Similarities Between Lymphoma and Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
5.并排比较 - 霍奇金与非霍奇金的淋巴瘤以表格形式
6.Summary
什么是淋巴瘤?
淋巴系统的恶性肿瘤称为淋巴瘤。它们可以在存在淋巴组织的任何部位都会出现。这是5Th西方世界最常见的恶性肿瘤。淋巴瘤的总体发病率为每100000次15-20。周围淋巴结肿大是最常见的症状。然而,在大约20%的病例中,观察到主要的肿瘤外部位的淋巴结肿大。在少数患者中,可能会出现淋巴瘤相关的B症状,例如体重减轻,发烧和汗水。根据WHO分类,可以将淋巴瘤分为两类,例如霍奇金的淋巴瘤和非霍奇金的淋巴瘤。
霍奇金的淋巴瘤是什么?
霍奇金淋巴瘤的发病率是3每1000人00in the Western world. This broad category can be subclassified into smaller groups as Classical HL and Nodular Lymphocyte-predominant HL. In the Classical HL, which accounts for 90-95% of cases, the hallmark feature is the Reed-Sternberg cell. In Nodular Lymphocyte Predominant HL, “popcorn cell”, a variant of the Reed-Sternberg can be observed under the microscope.
病因
爱泼斯坦 - 巴尔病毒(EBV)DNA has been found in tissues from patients with Hodgkin’s lymphoma.
Clinical Features
Painless cervical lymphadenopathy is the commonest presentation of HL. Thesetumors检查橡胶。由于纵隔淋巴结肿大,可能会出现一小部分患者。有些人可能会在淋巴结肿大的部位发展瘙痒和酒精相关的疼痛。
调查
- 胸部X射线用于纵隔拓宽
- 胸部,腹部,骨盆,颈部的CT扫描
- PET扫描
- 骨髓活检
- 血统
Management
医学科学的最新进展改善了这种情况的预后。该疾病早期的治疗包括2-4个阿霉素,博霉素,长南碱和达卡巴嗪的循环,无毒性,然后进行辐射,其固化速率超过90%。
晚期疾病可以用阿霉素,博来霉素,长春碱和达卡巴嗪的6-8个周期以及化学疗法治疗。
什么是霍奇金的淋巴瘤?
如开始时所述,非霍奇金淋巴瘤是多种淋巴瘤。根据WHO分类,非霍奇金的80%的淋巴瘤是B细胞origin and the others are ofT-cellorigin.
病因
- 家史
- Human T-cell Leukemia Virus type-1
- Helicobacter pylori
- 衣原体psittaci
- EBV
- 免疫抑制药物和感染
发病
During different stages of lymphocyte development, malignant clonal expansion of lymphocytes can happen giving rise to different forms of lymphomas. Errors in the class switching or gene recombination forimmunoglobulinand T cell receptors are the precursor lesions that later progress into malignant transformations.
NHL的类型
- 卵泡
- Lymphoplasmacytic
- Mantle cell
- Diffuse large B cell
- Burkitt’s
- Anaplastic
Clinical Features
最常见的临床表现是由于淋巴结质量的机械障碍而导致的无痛淋巴结肿大或症状。
淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤之间有什么相似性?
- 在这两种情况下,淋巴组织中都会出现恶性肿瘤。
淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤有什么区别?
Lymphomas can be divided into two categories as Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas. As non Hodgkin’s lymphomas are only a variety of lymphomas, there is no significant difference to discuss; hence, we have compared here the difference between Hodgkin’s and Non-Hodgkin’s lymphomas.
What is the Difference Between Hodgkin’s Lymphoma and Non-Hodgkin’s Lymphoma?
霍奇金的淋巴瘤与非霍奇金的淋巴瘤 |
|
在大多数情况下,这些位置位于单个轴向淋巴结(例如宫颈和纵隔节点)中。 | Peripheral nodes are more likely to be affected by Non-Hodgkin lymphomas. |
Spread | |
There is an orderly spread by contiguity. | 有不可传输的传播。 |
外道呈现 | |
Extranodal presentation is rare. | Extranodal presentation is common. |
Causes | |
The Epstein Barr Virus is the most common etiological agent. | The most frequent causes are,
|
临床表现 | |
Painless cervical lymphadenopathy is the commonest presentation of HL. These tumors are rubbery on examination. A small proportion of patients may present with a cough due to the mediastinal lymphadenopathy. Some may develop pruritus and alcohol-related pain at the site of lymphadenopathy. |
最常见的临床表现是由于淋巴结质量的机械障碍而导致的无痛淋巴结肿大或症状。 |
Summary – Lymphoma vs Non Hodgkin’s Lymphoma
淋巴瘤是淋巴组织的恶性肿瘤。淋巴瘤有两个主要类别;它们是霍奇金淋巴瘤和非霍奇金淋巴瘤。这些恶性肿瘤的预后取决于疾病进展的阶段和原籍细胞。
References:
1。Kumar, Parveen J., and Michael L. Clark. Kumar & Clark clinical medicine. Edinburgh: W.B. Saunders, 2009.
图片提供:
1。“Diagram showing the lymph nodes lymphoma most commonly develops in CRUK 311” By Cancer Research UK – Original email from CRUK(CC BY-SA 4.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2. Nephron的“地幔细胞淋巴瘤 - Intermed Mag” - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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