线性和分支聚合物之间的差异

Thekey differencebetween linear and branched polymers is thatlinear polymers have a linear structure without any branches whereas branched polymers have a branched structure.

Polymersare giant molecules having a very large number of repeating units attached to each other via共价化学键。此外，聚合物的形成过程是“polymerization”. Thus, the repeating unit gives the structure of monomers that involved in the polymerization process. Accordingly, we can categorize polymers into three sub-categories according to the structure of the polymer; linear, branched and network polymers.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Linear Polymers
3.What are Branched Polymers
4.并排Comparison – Linear vs Branched Polymers in Tabular Form
5.概括

什么是线性聚合物？

Linear polymers are macromolecules containing a large number of repeating units or monomers that attach to each other forming a straight linear structure. Hence, these polymers contain a single continuous chain. The backbone of this polymer chain consists of the atoms that bind with each other covalently to form the chain structure. Therefore, if these atoms are of the same type, then they are linearhomopolymers而如果原子彼此不同，则聚合物是线性杂聚合物。

Furthermore, there can be side groups or pendant groups in these polymer structures but no branches (side chains). According to the arrangement of the pendant groups, there are three forms of linear polymers as isotactic, atactic and syndiotactic. Together, we call it the tacticity of the polymer. Isotactic polymers have pendant groups on the same side of the polymer chain; syndiotactic forms have the pendant groups in an alternating pattern whereas atactic polymers have pendant groups in a random manner.

What are Branched Polymers?

Branched polymers are macromolecules containing a large number of repeating units arranged in a branched structure. The properties of these polymers mainly depend on the degree of branching. The side chains can be either short chains or long chains. There are different types of branched polymers as graft polymers, comb polymers, brush polymers, etc. depending on the structure.

天然分支聚合物的一些例子包括淀粉和糖原，而合成的分支聚合物包括低密度聚乙烯。这些通常是无定形的，因为它们不能以常规图案的形式紧密包装。

What is the Difference Between Linear and Branched Polymers?

Linear polymers are macromolecules containing a large number of repeating units or monomers that attach to each other forming a straight linear structure while branched polymers are macromolecules containing a large number of repeating units arranged in a branched structure. Hence the key difference between linear and branched polymers is that linear polymers have a linear structure without any branches whereas branched polymers have a branched structure.

同样，由于线性聚合物具有简单的结构，它们会紧紧填充，但是由于分支聚合物具有复杂的结构，因此它们会松散地包装。因此，基于此，我们可以确定线性和分支聚合物之间的差异。那是;与分支聚合物相比，线性聚合物的密度很高。作为线性和分支聚合物之间的另一个重要区别，我们可以表示线性聚合物的熔点和沸点高于分支聚合物的熔点。

The below infographic on difference between linear and branched polymers tabulates more differences between both.

总结——线性和支化聚合物

Polymers are macromolecules. There are three types as linear, branched and network polymers. The key difference between linear and branched polymers is that linear polymers have a linear structure without any branches whereas branched polymers have a branched structure.

Reference:

1.“分支（聚合物化学）。”Wikipedia，Wikimedia基金会，2018年11月2日。Available here
2. Carr, Kevin. “Difference Between Linear & Branched Polymers.” Sciencing, 25 May 2018.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Tacticidad de polimeros” (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Ilmari Karonen的“聚合物分支” - 通过Commons Wikimedia