这关键区别在HBA和HBF之间HBA指成年人hemoglobin这是α2β2四聚体,而HBF则是指胎儿血红蛋白,胎儿血红蛋白是α2γ2四聚体,可以与HBA更高的亲和力结合。
血红蛋白是一种复杂的蛋白质分子红细胞that carries oxygen from the lung to the body tissues and returns carbon dioxide from the body tissues to the lung for the removal. Iron is an essential element required for blood production, and it’s a constituent of hemoglobin. There are two main forms of hemoglobin as fetal hemoglobin (HbF) and adult hemoglobin (HbA). Here, the HbF is the primary oxygen transport protein in the human胎儿, and adult hemoglobin replaces HbF approximately six months postnatal. Adult hemoglobin is the main form of hemoglobin present in human. Among HbF and HbA, HbF has a higher affinity for oxygen than HbA. Structurally, HbA is an α2β2 tetramer while HbF is an α2γ2 tetramer.
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。What is HbA
3。What is HbF
4。HBA和HBF之间的相似之处
5。并排比较 - 表格形式的HBA与HBF
6.Summary
什么是HBA?
HBA代表成年血红蛋白,即α2β2四聚体。它是一种含铁的红细胞蛋白,负责从肺部传输到身体组织和器官,并将二氧化碳从身体组织转移到肺部。这是一种复杂的蛋白质,由四个小蛋白亚基和四个带有铁原子的血红素组组成。血红蛋白对氧气具有亲和力。有四个位于血红蛋白分子内的氧结合位点。一旦血红蛋白被氧气饱和,血液就会变成鲜红色。血红蛋白的第二个状态被称为脱氧血红蛋白,因为它缺乏氧气。在这种状态下,血的颜色为深红色。
嵌入血红蛋白血红素化合物内的铁原子主要促进氧气和二氧化碳的转运。氧分子与Fe的结合+2离子改变了血红蛋白分子的构象。此外,血红蛋白中的铁原子有助于维持红细胞的典型形状。因此,铁是红细胞中发现的重要元素。
什么是HBF?
HbF stands for fetal hemoglobin which is the predominant form of hemoglobin in the fetus. HbF develops from the erythroid precursor cells. In fact, HbF appears in fetal blood after a few weeks of conception. HbF remains till six months of postnatal life as well. After that, adult hemoglobin replaces HbF completely. Similar to HbA, HbF is also a tetramer. But it contains two α-chains and two gamma subunits.
与HBA相比,HBF对氧的亲和力更高。因此,HBF的P50低于HBA的P50。由于对氧的亲和力高,与HBA相比,HBF的氧解离曲线被左移。此外,HBF对氧气的较高亲和力对于从母体循环中获取氧气很重要。
HBA和HBF之间有什么相似之处?
- HBA和HBF是血红蛋白的两个同工型。
- 它们是含有铁分子的蛋白质。
- 而且,它们对氧气有亲和力。
- 而且,两者都是具有四个亚基的四聚体。
- 此外,两者都有相同的α链。
HBA和HBF有什么区别?
HBA和HBF是血红蛋白的两种形式。HBA是成年血红蛋白,它是人类血红蛋白的主要形式,而HBF是发育中胎儿中血红蛋白的主要形式。因此,这是HBA和HBF之间的关键区别。从结构上讲,HBA有两个α链和两个β链,而HBF有两个α链和两个伽马链。因此,这也是HBA和HBF之间的显着差异。此外,HBF对氧的亲和力比HBA更高。
以下信息图总结了HBA和HBF之间的差异。
摘要 - HBA与HBF
血红蛋白是一种含铁金属蛋白found in the red blood cells. It carries oxygen from the lungs to the body tissues and facilitates energy production. It also returns carbon dioxide from the body tissues to the lung for the removal from the body. HbF is the predominant form of hemoglobin in developing fetus while HbA is the main form of hemoglobin in human after six months postnatal. HbA is a tetramer composed of two alpha chains and two beta chains while HbF is a tetramer composed of two alpha and two gamma chains. Furthermore, HbF has a higher affinity for oxygen than HbA. So, this summarizes the difference between HbA and HbF.
参考:
1。Kaufman, Daniel P. “Physiology, Fetal Hemoglobin.” StatPearls [Internet]., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 16 Apr. 2019,在这里可用。
2。“Fetal Hemoglobin.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Sept. 2019,在这里可用。
图片提供:
1.“特定化学物种的逃犯的价值,即真实的气体”:用户:berserkerben - 由HABJ上传(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2. Angelherraez创作的“血红蛋白F” - 自己的作品 - 我使用Jmol准备的渲染,来自PDB的4MQJ(doi:10.2210/pdb4mqj/pdb)(公共领域)(通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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