之间的区别Graves Disease and Hyperthyroidism

这关键区别在坟墓疾病和甲状腺功能亢进之间Graves’ disease is apathologicalcondition while the hyperthyroidism is a functional abnormality which is a result of an ongoing pathological process.

增加游离甲状腺素激素的水平is known as the hyperthyroidism. Hyperthyroidism can be due to various causes, and Graves’ disease is one such pathological condition that abnormally increases the thyroxin levels in the body. Graves’ disease is defined as anautoimmune thyroid disorderwith an unknown etiology. Ít is a pathological condition that gives rise to hyperthyroidism which is a functional abnormality due to the ongoing pathological process.

CONTENTS

1。概述和关键差异
2。What is Graves’ Disease
3。什么是甲状腺功能亢进
4。坟墓疾病和甲状腺功能亢进之间的相似之处
5.并排比较 - 格雷夫斯病与表格形式的甲状腺功能亢进
6.Summary

What is Graves’ Disease？

Graves病是一种自身免疫性甲状腺疾病，病因未知。

发病

An autoantibody ofIgGtype called “Thyroid Stimulating Immunoglobulin” binds to TSH receptors in thethyroid gland并模仿TSH的动作。因此，由于这种刺激的增加，甲状腺激素与该激素的产生过多增生甲状腺卵泡细胞。结果是甲状腺的扩散增大。

甲状腺激素的刺激增加会扩大轨道结缔组织的体积。这是对眼外肌肉的水肿，细胞外基质材料的积累，以及淋巴细胞和脂肪组织浸润眼周空间的渗透，从而削弱了眼外肌肉，从而向前迈进了眼球。

形态学

这re is diffuse enlargement of the thyroid gland. Cut sections will show a red meaty appearance. Follicular cell hyperplasia that is characterized by the presence of a large number of small follicular cells is the hallmark microscopic feature.

Clinical Features

这distinguishing clinical features of Graves disease are,

• 扩散的甲状腺肿
• 分娩
• Periorbital myoedema

除这些症状外，由于甲状腺激素水平升高，患者还具有以下临床特征。

• 温暖而潮红的皮肤
• 增加出汗
• 体重减轻和食欲增加
• 腹泻，由于肠运动性增加而引起
• 同情的语调增加会导致震颤，失眠，焦虑和近端肌肉无力。
• 心脏表现：心动过速，心p和心律不齐。

调查

• Thyroid function tests to confirm thyrotoxicosis
• 检查是否存在甲状腺刺激血液中的免疫球蛋白。

Management

• Medical treatment

这administration of antithyroid drugs such as carbimazole and methimazole is extremely effective. The most common adverse effect associated with the continuous use of these drugs is the agranulocytosis, and all the patients who are under antithyroid drugs should be advised to seek immediate medical attention in case of unexplained fever or a sore throat.

• Radiotherapy with radioactive iodine
• Surgical resection of the thyroid gland. This is the last resort option which is used only when the medical interventions fail to achieve the desired outcome.

什么是甲状腺功能亢进？

这state of increased levels of free thyroxin hormones is known as hyperthyroidism.

Causes

• Graves’ disease
• 有毒多结节甲状腺肿
• 卵泡腺瘤
• 垂体肿瘤
• Neonatal hyperthyroidism due to maternal Graves disease.

Clinical Features

• 这increase in the sympathetic activity and osmolarity are the main causes
• 皮肤冲洗
• Increased basal metabolic rate results in a reduction in the body weight with a characteristic increase in the appetite.
• Tremors
• Hyperactivity
• Insomnia
• anxiety
• 近端肌肉无力和减少肌肉质量 - 甲状腺肌病
• 肠道高温导致腹泻
• Tachycardia, palpitations, and The increased workload on the cardiac muscles can eventually impair the ventricular functions giving rise to cardiac failure.
• 骨吸收增加引起的骨质疏松症

调查

1.甲状腺功能测试

• To confirm thyrotoxicosis
• 免费的T4水平
• Rarely if thyrotoxicosis is due to TSH secreting pituitary tumor TSH levels could be increased

2。Radioiodine uptake test

• Grave病中整个腺体的摄取扩散增加
• Focally increased uptake in toxic adenomas

3.测试甲状腺刺激免疫球蛋白以诊断坟墓疾病

坟墓疾病和甲状腺功能亢进之间有什么相似之处？

• Graves’ disease is one cause of hyperthyroidism. Therefore, there is an increase in the thyroxin level in the blood.

坟墓疾病和甲状腺功能亢进有什么区别？

Graves的疾病是一种病理状况，而甲状腺功能亢进是一种功能异常，这是持续的病理过程的结果。这是Graves病和甲状腺功能亢进症之间的主要区别。此外，根据定义，Graves病是一种自身免疫性甲状腺疾病，病因未知。另一方面，甲状腺功能亢进症是游离甲状腺激素水平升高的状态，称为甲状腺功能亢进症。下面的信息图表基于其原因，临床特征和研究，以表格形式显示了格雷夫斯疾病和甲状腺功能亢进症之间的差异。

Summary – Graves Disease vs Hyperthyroidism

Graves病是一种病理状况，定义为具有未知病因的自身免疫性甲状腺疾病。甲状腺功能亢进症是游离甲状腺素激素水平升高的状态，这可能是由于包括坟墓疾病在内的各种原因。这是Graves病和甲状腺功能亢进症之间的主要区别。

参考：

1. Parveen Kumar。Kumar and Clark’s Clinical Medicine。由迈克尔·克拉克（Michael L Clark）编辑，第八版。

图片提供：

1.’14593143777/’通过互联网档案书图像（CC0）通过Flickr
2.’Blausen 0534 Goiter’by Blausen.com员工（2014年）。“ Blausen Medical 2014的医学画廊”。Wikijournal of Medicine 1（2）。doi：10.15347/wjm/2014.010。ISSN 2002-4436。- 自己的工作，（CC由3.0）通过下议院维基梅迪亚