这关键区别在汽油和柴油之间是柴油的挥发性较小,沸点比汽油更高。
汽油和柴油是我们经常在车辆中使用的两种主要燃料。但是,它们是烃化合物的两种不同的混合物。上述汽油和柴油之间差异的主要原因是,由碳氢化合物组成的柴油含量超过汽油。因此,柴油的分子量高于汽油。
内容
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是汽油
3。什么是柴油
4。Side by Side Comparison – Gasoline vs Diesel in Tabular Form
5。Summary
什么是汽油?
Gasoline is a mixture of a large number of hydrocarbons, which have 5-12 carbons. There are aliphatic烷烃像七烷一样,类烷烃,如等辛烷,脂肪族循环化合物和小芳香族化合物。但是没有烯烃或炔烃除了这些碳氢化合物。
汽油是一种天然石油的副产品industry, and it is a nonrenewable source. Moreover, it is produced in the fractional distillation of crude oil. When we separate the crude oil based on the boiling points of different compounds, the low molecular weighted compounds in the gasoline collects in the same range. In some countries, gasoline has the name “petrol”, and it is a fuel that we use in internal-combustion engines of vehicles. The combustion of gasoline produces a high amount of heat energy and carbon dioxide and water.
此外,制造商将其他化合物与汽油混合,以增强其在发动机中的使用。在那里,我们可以添加等辛烷或苯和甲苯等碳氢化合物,以增加其辛烷值。该辛烷值测量发动机在发动机缸中引起自动点的能力(这导致敲门)。当这种燃料与空气过早点火中混合时,在火花从火花塞传递之前,它会推向曲轴,产生敲击声。由于这种敲门,发动机往往会过热并失去动力。因此,从长远来看,它会损坏发动机。

Figure 01: Gasoline Containers
为了减少敲门效果,我们需要增加燃料的辛烷值。除了添加烃外,我们还可以通过添加某些铅化合物来增加辛烷值。这将增加辛烷值;因此,汽油变得对引起敲击的自动点具有更大的抵抗力。随着原油价格,这种燃料的价格在很大程度上变化了。由于汽油已成为主要需求,因此在大多数国家,石油价格的差异也会影响该国的经济。
什么是柴油?
柴油是一种汽车燃料,是石油蒸馏的副产品。它是一种油状的燃料,其沸点比水更高。它由具有较长的碳链的碳氢化合物组成,它们的碳含量为8至21。这种燃料中的化合物包括石蜡,异帕蛋白,萘,烯烃和芳族碳氢化合物。根据使用情况,我们可以将其分为不同的等级。例如1-D(S15),1-D(S500),1-D(S5000),2-D(S15),2-D(S500),2-D(S5000)和4-D。

图02:柴油机罐
这Cetane number of diesel is a property for end users to look at. It measures the ignition quality of the fuel. Cetane number is different from the octane number of gasoline. For instance, the higher the cetane rate, the more easily it ignites. Although the combustion of diesel results in low amounts of carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, they give out high amounts of nitrogen compounds and particulate matter, are responsible for acid rain.
What is the Difference Between Gasoline and Diesel?
Gasoline is a mixture of a large number of hydrocarbons, which have 5-12 carbons and diesel is an automobile fuel which is a by-product of petroleum distillation. The key difference between gasoline and diesel is that diesel is less volatile and has a higher boiling point than gasoline. Moreover, diesel is oily like and smells differently than gasoline. As another important difference between gasoline and diesel, gasoline can be rated according to the octane number, whereas diesel is rated according to the cetane number. Apart from that, diesel is cheaper than gasoline, but gasoline is cleaner and more environmentally friendly.
下图提供了有关汽油和柴油之间差异的更多信息。
摘要 - 汽油与柴油
汽油和柴油是我们经常在车辆中使用的两种燃料。两种燃料都有使用它的利弊。就环境安全而言,两者都是有害的。汽油和柴油之间的主要区别在于,柴油的挥发点较小,沸点比汽油更高。
参考:
1.盖布尔,克里斯汀和斯科特。“您应该知道的关于柴油燃料叶塔尼的知识。”ThinkCo,2018年6月22日。在这里可用
图片提供:
1. Brokensphere的“便携式汽油容器” - 自己的工作,(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2。”408874300″ byMeena Kadri(CC BY 2.0)通过Flickr
Leave a Reply