弗拉姆号eshift Mutation vs Point Mutation
The main two ways of gene mutations are the frameshift and point mutations. Firstly, a mutation is an alteration in the genetic material in general. These changes can take place in different ways and magnitudes. Gene mutations are simply the changes occurring in the nucleotide sequence of a particular gene of an organism. Both frameshift and point mutations are such alterations in the nucleotide sequence of a gene. However, the two types vary from each other in many ways, despite the result is a changed gene; hence, a different phenotype could be expressed eventually.
弗拉姆号eshift Mutation
顾名思义,当基因中发生移码突变时,核酸的框架会移动。首先,知道有两种类型的移码突变被称为插入和删除。当DNA复制或蛋白质合成过程中拆除DNA链时,所有这些都会发生。当DNA链在蛋白质合成过程中解开时,会形成mRNA链,并根据当前的核苷酸序列对DNA链进行改革。但是,在任何脆弱的地方都可以将新的核苷酸添加到当前序列中。因此,新的DNA链将具有额外的核苷酸。此外,此过程可能在放松后和与新链缠绕之前进行DNA复制期间发生。由于核苷酸已添加到原始序列中,因此DNA链发生了一种称为突变的变化,并且该特定类型称为插入。同样,如果在拆除后在重整DNA链中错过了核苷酸,则可能会删除。删除和插入都会导致DNA链的框架移动一种或另一种方式。 These types of mutations are also known as framing errors as the frame has been erred. It is important to notice that the number of nucleotides is changed in the DNA strand when a framing error is taken place.
Point Mutation
Point mutation is a change taken place in a particular gene at a particular place. An exchange of nucleotides takes place as purine base with the corresponding purine base or pyrimidine base with the corresponding pyrimidine base. Hence, Adenine could be replaced with Thymine, or around the other way. Additionally, Guanine could be replaced with Cytosine, or around the other way. This type of exchanges is termed as the transition point mutation.
However, when a purine base is exchanged with a pyrimidine base, the mutation is known as the transversion. These mutations may or may not result in changing the synthesized protein. When a mutation has caused a change in the synthesized protein, it is termed as a missense mutation, whereas the unexpressed mutations are called as silent mutations. In addition, some point mutations are capable of causing a terminator codon, where a stopping signal will be passed as a codon sequence and the protein synthesis will be stopped with a shortened protein molecule. This type of point mutation is termed as a nonsense mutation. As it seems, point mutations are of few types, but the result is always a change in a single nucleotide. The number of the nucleotides is not changed, but the structure will be different; hence, the function of the gene may be altered.
What is the difference between Frameshift Mutation and Point Mutation?
• The frame of the DNA strand is shifted one way or the other in a frameshift mutation, whereas point mutations do not change the frame of the DNA strand.
• The gene structure and the number of nucleotides are changed in frameshift mutations while point mutations cause only the structure of a gene.
• Frameshift mutations are of two types, but point mutations are of few types.
Leave a Reply