氟磷灰石和羟基磷灰石之间的差异| Compare the Difference Between Similar Terms

Thekey differencebetween fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite is that氟磷灰石含有磷酸钙与fluoridegroups, whereas hydroxyapatite contains calcium phosphate in association withhydroxide小组。

Both fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite are磷酸盐- 含有矿物质。这些是包含不同相关基团的磷酸钙形式。也就是说，氟磷灰石含有氟基团，而羟基磷灰石含有氢氧化物基团。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Fluorapatite
3.What is Hydroxyapatite
4.Side by Side Comparison – Fluorapatite vs Hydroxyapatite in Tabular Form
5.概括

什么是氟磷灰石？

氟磷灰石或氟磷灰石是具有化学式Ca的磷酸盐矿物₅(PO₄)₃F. This mineral falls under the category of the apatite group. Also, it occurs as a hard, crystalline solid material that can have various colours, including green, brown, blue, yellow, violet, and sometimes the solid can be colourless. These colour variations arise due to the presence or absence of certain transition metal elements.

图1:氟磷灰石

Moreover, the crystal structure of fluorapatite is hexagonal. Also, the cleavage of this mineral is indistinct, and its fracture can be described as brittle or conchoidal. Furthermore, this mineral is considerably hard; Mohs hardness value is 5. And, it has a vitreous lustre with a white coloured mineral streak. Besides, this mineral is either transparent or opaque.

在其他磷酸盐矿物质中，氟磷灰石是最常见和最丰富的磷酸盐矿物质。我们可以在许多火成岩中找到它。它也可以在某些生物系统中发生。例如。在鲨鱼和其他鱼类的牙齿中，在水中暴露于氟离子等的人牙齿中，等等。

The production of fluorapatite can be done in a three-step process in addition to mining from the natural sources. At the first step, we need to generate calcium phosphate by combining calcium and phosphate salts. The pH is neutral here. Then, this material is reacted with fluoride sources to get the mineral. Finally, we can purify fluorapatite to remove any impurities.

There are many uses of fluorapatite. For example, the production of phosphoric acid, the production of hydrogen fluoride as a byproduct during the production of phosphoric acid, generation of fluorescence tube phosphors, as gemstone, etc.

What is Hydroxyapatite?

羟基磷灰石是具有化学式Ca的磷酸盐矿物₅(PO₄)₃OH. It is an apatite group mineral. The hydroxide group of this material can be replaced with other groups such as fluoride group, chloride group, carbonate group, etc. The crystal system of this compound is hexagonal. The pure form of hydroxyapatite appears in white colour. But, the impurities can give it a range of colours, including grey, yellow, and yellowish-green colour.

图02：羟基磷灰石

Furthermore, the fracture of this mineral is conchoidal, and it is brittle when a force is applied to it. The hardness of this mineral is similar to that of fluorapatite and the Mohs scale of hardness values 5. It has a vitreous lustre and a white mineral streak. Also, usually, hydroxyapatite is either transparent or translucent.

此外，除了从天然来源开采外，我们还可以通过几种方法化学合成羟基磷灰石。这些方法包括化学沉积，仿生沉积，溶胶 - 凝胶过程和电沉积。

此外，羟基磷灰石有几种重要用途。这些应用主要在化妆品，医学和补品生产领域。在化妆品领域，羟基磷灰石用于玉米淀粉基粉的某些变体。它被添加为润肤剂，以帮助保持皮肤的水分。在医学领域，羟基磷灰石用于形成骨移植材料。在补充剂的生产中，与钙相比，该矿物质被用作具有优质吸收能力的骨建造补充剂。

氟磷灰石和羟基磷灰石有什么区别？

The key difference between fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite is that fluorapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with fluoride groups, whereas hydroxyapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with hydroxide groups. Moreover, fluorapatite has various colours, including green, brown, blue, yellow, violet, and sometimes the solid can be colourless. But, the pure form of hydroxyapatite is white, but impurities can make it grey, yellow, or yellowish-green.

Below infographic shows more details regarding the difference between fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite.

摘要 - 氟磷灰石与羟基磷灰石

Both fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite are phosphate-containing minerals. The key difference between fluorapatite and hydroxyapatite is that fluorapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with fluoride groups, whereas hydroxyapatite contains calcium phosphate in association with hydroxide groups.

Reference:

1. “Hydroxylapatite.” Hydroxylapatite – an Overview | ScienceDirect Topics,Available here.
2. “Fluorapatite.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 22 Feb. 2020,Available here.
3. “Hydroxyapatite.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 8 Mar. 2020,Available here.