Difference Between Elisa and Western Blot

Thekey differencebetween Elisa and western blot is thatElisa or enzyme-linked immunoassay is a diagnostic tool that detects whether the patient has been exposed to a particular type of virus or another infectious agent while western blot is a technique which detects a specific protein from a protein sample.

AIDShas become a global problem, and the incidence of this deadly disease has increased alarmingly in the last few decades. HIV tests detect the presence of human immunodeficiency virus ((HIV) that causes this syndrome. Out of different HIV tests, ELISA and Western Blot are very popular today. ELISA stands for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which is a plate-based assay technique. It is an enzyme immunoassay used to detect HIV antibodies. Western blot detects a specific protein from a protein mixture by the use of a labelledantibody.

Key Difference

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.是什么an Elisa
3.是什么a Western Blot
4.Similarities Between Elisa and Western Blot
5.Side by Side Comparison – Elisa vs Western Blot in Tabular Form
6.概括

什么是Elisa？

ELISA, which stands for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, was the first test designed primarily for HIV detection. It is a plate-based assay. It is used to detect HIV antibodies, and this test shows high sensitivity. In this technique, theantigensin the sample bind with the immobilized antibodies on a solid surface. Once immobilized, the antigens form complexes with antibodies linked to enzymes. Then these conjugated enzymes incubate with the respective substrate.

酶 - 基底反应产生可测量的有色产物。通过测量产品的量，可以量化样品中存在的抗原数量。因此，ELISA是一种非常具体且精致的技术，需要精心熟练的技术人员的注意。这也是一个耗时的过程，需要高级设备。

是什么Western Blot?

蛋白质印迹是一种能够从蛋白质混合物中检测特定蛋白质的技术。蛋白质印迹是在印迹过程中使用的膜，以获取SDS-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶中蛋白质图案的镜像。用于蛋白质印迹的膜主要由硝酸纤维素或聚偏二氟乙烯（PVDF）组成。带有转移蛋白的膜可用于鉴定特定的蛋白质。通过杂交检测所需的蛋白质需要高质量的抗体。抗体与其特异性抗原结合，并揭示了所需的抗原的存在，这是一种蛋白质。

Transferring of the proteins from the SDS polyacrylamide gel to the western blot is performed by electroblotting. It is an effective and fast method which causes the proteins to electrophorese out of the gel and pass onto the nitrocellulose membrane (western blot).

Western blotting is useful in the detection of anti-HIV antibodies in the human serum sample. Western blot can also be used as a confirmatory test for Hepatitis B infection and a definitive test for mad cow disease.

What are the Similarities Between Elisa and Western Blot?

• Elisa and western blot are two types of techniques used to diagnose HIV.
• Both methods are based on immunodetection.
• 它们基于抗体蛋白质复合物的形成。
• Both methods can analyze proteins.
• Elisa and western blotting are time-consuming techniques.
• Well trained and skilled personnel are required to carry out these techniques.

是什么the Difference Between Elisa and Western Blot?

ELISA是一种非常敏感且非常复杂的方法，可检测患者血液中抗原和抗体的存在，而蛋白质印迹是一种检测来自蛋白质混合物的特定蛋白质的技术。这是ELISA和Western印迹之间的关键区别。ELISA是定性的，既是定性的。相比之下，Western印迹是定性的。有时它是半定量的。在考虑测试所花费的时间时，ELISA测试是耗时的，而Western印迹比ELISA更耗时。

The below infographic summarizes the difference between Elisa and western blot.

概括– Elisa vs Western Blot

ELISA is a very sensitive and very sophisticated method that detects the presence of antigen and antibody in our blood. On the other hand, Western blotting technique is developed to identify a specific protein from a protein mixture. This is the key difference between Elisa and Western blot. ELISA was the first test designed for the detection of HIV. In order to confirm the results of the ELISA test, Western Blot can be used. Both ELISA and Western Blot are considered indirect methods for detection of HIV.

Reference:

1.金曼，特里西亚。“ ELISA：目的，程序和结果。”Healthline, Healthline Media, 17 Sept. 2018,Available here.
2. “Western Blot.”Scitable, Nature Publishing Group,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1. “ELISA” By BiotechMichael – Own work (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Cawang的“ Western blotting” - 通过Commons Wikimedia