Difference Between DNA Profiling and DNA Sequencing

Thekey differencebetween DNA profiling and DNA sequencingis that DNA profiling is a method used to identify an individual from a sample by looking at the unique patterns in the DNA, while DNA sequencing is a method used to determine the sequence of核苷酸在一个人的DNA中。

DNA分析和DNA测序等技术对确定人群的遗传模式非常有帮助。尽管DNA分析和DNA测序包括一些相同的技术，但每个技术的最终目标都是不同的。因此，DNA分析显示了个体的基因组成。相反，DNA测序决定了单个编码的基因组和蛋白质。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is DNA Profiling
3.What is DNA Sequencing
4.相似性 - DNA分析和DNA测序
5.DNA分析vs DNA Sequencing in Tabular Form
6。Summary – DNA Profiling vs DNA Sequencing

What is DNA Profiling?

DNA profiling is a method used to identify an individual from a sample by looking at the unique patterns in the DNA. This technique was first discovered in 1984 by professor Sir Alec Jeffreys. DNA profiling detects lots of minisatellites in the genome to produce a pattern unique to an individual. This is called a DNA fingerprint. The probability of having the same DNA fingerprint between two people is very rare. Therefore, just like an actual fingerprint, the DNA fingerprint is unique to a person. DNA profiling usually involves the sampling of DNA and comparing it with a sample found at a crime scene.

In DNA profiling, first, DNA is extracted from human material. Then the restriction enzymes are used to cut the DNA. Next, the resultant pieces of DNA sizes are separated using gel electrophoresis. Once the DNA pieces are sorted out in the gel, they will transfer to a nylon membrane to produce single strands of DNA. The nylon membrane is incubated with radioactive probes. The probes are minisatellites. They only attach to pieces of DNA that are complementary. Finally, minisatellites in the sample DNA the probes attach can be visualized using X ray films. Moreover, this DNA pattern is a DNA fingerprint that is unique to an individual.

What is DNA Sequencing?

DNA测序是一种用于确定个体DNA中核苷酸序列的方法。它也称为确定DNA中核苷酸的顺序。各种DNA测序方法的出现已经大大加速了生物学和医学研究。它适用于许多领域，例如医学诊断，生物技术，法医生物学，病毒学和生物信息学。通过比较健康和突变样品的DNA序列，可以诊断出癌症等不同疾病。

DNA sequencing was first identified by Frederick Sanger in the 1970s. InSanger sequencing, the target DNA is copied many times by making fragments of different lengths. At the end of the Sanger sequencing, the tube will contain different fragment lengths ending at each of the nucleotide position in the original DNA. In this technique, the florescent chain terminator nucleotides mark the ends of the fragments. They also allow the sequence to be determined. Thus, from the colours of dyes that will record one after another on the detector, the sequence of the original DNA can be built up.

For the past few years, various new DNA sequencing techniques have been evolved, such asnext generation sequencing。下一代测序是一种大规模方法，可提高DNA测序的速度。它还降低了DNA测序的成本。

What are the Similarities Between DNA Profiling and DNA Sequencing?

• DNA profiling and DNA sequencing both are molecular biological techniques.
• 它们都基于DNA。
• 均使用PCR和凝胶电泳。
• These techniques are very important to identify the genome of an individual.
• Both techniques have broad application in forensic science.
• Moreover, they can be applied in paternity testing.

What is the Difference Between DNA Profiling and DNA Sequencing?

DNA profiling is a method used to identify an individual from a sample by looking at the unique patterns in the DNA. On the other hand, DNA sequencing is a method used to determine the sequence of nucleotides in a piece of DNA of an individual. So, this is the key difference between DNA profiling and DNA sequencing. Furthermore, the objective of DNA profiling is to detect variation in human DNA in the form of minisatellites. In contrast, the objective of DNA sequencing is to determine the sequence of nucleotides that make up the DNA molecule.

以下信息图列出了表格形式的DNA分析和DNA测序之间的差异。

Summary – DNA Profiling vs DNA Sequencing

DNA分析和DNA测序是两种主要分子生物学技术。他们在法医学，医学诊断，生物技术，病毒学和生物系统学方面具有广泛的应用。DNA分析用于通过查看DNA中的独特模式来识别样品中的个体，而DNA测序用于确定个体DNA中核苷酸的序列。因此，这是DNA分析和DNA测序之间差异的摘要。

Reference:

1.“”DNA分析。”科学学习中心。
2. “DNA Sequencing | Biotechnology。”可汗学院。

Image Courtesy:

1.“”DNA分析– RFLP Analysis” phoenix_src - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “Sanger-sequencing”埃斯特维兹（Estevezj） - 自己的作品(CC BY-SA 3.0)via Commons Wikimedia