The深色溶剂和离子液体之间的关键区别is that deep eutectic solvents are formed fromLewis or Bronsted acids and bases，而从任何盐就形成离子液体。
Both deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids are liquid states of ionic mixtures where we can observe both cations and anions. These two ionic states are different from each other according to the source of ions that make up those mixtures.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是深色的溶剂
3.What are Ionic Liquids
4.Similarities – Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids
5.表格形式的深共晶溶剂与离子液体
6.摘要 - 深色溶剂与离子液体
什么是深色的溶剂?
Deep eutectic solvents are mixtures formed from Lewis or Bronsted acids and bases. These are eutectic solvents, meaning homogenous mixtures of substances that can melt or solidify at a single temperature (This temperature is usually lower than the melting point of any of the constituents in the mixture). Typically, deep eutectic solvents contain a wide variety of anionic and cationic species.
不同类型啊f Deep Eutectic Solvents
There are different types of deep eutectic solvents that we categorize based on the ionic solvent properties that are specific to the solvent. The first generation of this type of solvents were the mixtures of第四纪铵盐。These solvents contain hydrogen bond donors, e.g. amines and carboxylic acids. We can identify 4 different types of deep eutectic solvents: type I, type II, type III, and type IV. Among these four types,type I deep eutectic solventscontain quaternary ammonium salt along with a metal chloride. Therefore, these solvents also include a wide range of chlorometallate ionic liquids. Thetype II deep eutectic solventscontain a metal chloride hydrate along with the quaternary ammonium salt. The third isIII型deep eutectic solvent, where there is quaternary ammonium salt along with a hydrogen bond donor. Finally, theIV型深层溶剂含有金属氯化物水合物和氢键供体（无季铵盐）。这些类型的深色共晶溶剂很重要，因为这些溶剂可以产生阳离子金属络合物，从而确保双层靠近具有高金属离子浓度的电极表面。
Compared to volatile organic compounds, deep eutectic solvents have a very low vapor pressure. Therefore, these solvents are typically flammable. Moreover, these solvents have a high viscosity that can hinder industrial applications because these solvents may not flow easily in process streams.
What are Ionic Liquids?
Ionic liquids are salts in the liquid state. Typically, ionic liquids are primarily made of ions except for some ordinary ionic liquids such as water, where there are electrically neutral molecules. There are some common synonyms for ionic liquids, which include液体电解质，离子熔体，离子流体，融合盐，液体盐，和ionic glasses。
离子液体的应用不同，其中包括将它们用作强大的溶剂和电解质。这些类型的液体可用于生产电池，并且由于蒸气压的极低，也可用于密封剂生产。
The salts that can undergo melting without decomposition or vaporization usually give an ionic liquid. In contrast, when we are cooling an ionic liquid, we can often get an ionic solid that is either crystalline or glassy. This happens because of the strength of ionic bonds in ionic solids/ liquids, which leads the ionic liquids to have high lattice energies.
What are the Similarities Between Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids?
- Deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids are liquid states.
- Both are mixtures of anions and cations.
What is the Difference Between Deep Eutectic Solvents and Ionic Liquids?
Both deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids are liquid states of ionic mixtures where we can observe both cations and anions. The key difference between deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids is that deep eutectic solvents are formed from Lewis or Bronsted acids and bases, whereas ionic liquids form from any salt.
The following table summarizes the difference between deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids.
摘要 - 深色溶剂与离子液体
Both deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids are liquid states of ionic mixtures where we can observe both cations and anions. The key difference between deep eutectic solvents and ionic liquids is that deep eutectic solvents are formed from Lewis or Bronsted acids and bases, whereas ionic liquids form from any salt.
Reference:
1.“”Ionic Liquid。” An Overview | ScienceDirect Topics。
Image Courtesy:
1.“”Ionic liquids” By Oak Ridge National Laboratory（CC由2.0）via Flickr
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