Thekey differencebetween electrolytes and nonelectrolytes is thatelectrolytes can produce ions when they are dissolved in water, while nonelectrolytes can’t produce ions.
We can categorize all compounds into two groups as electrolytes and nonelectrolytes depending on their ability to produceionsand conductelectricity. The process of passing a current through an electrolytic solution and forcing positive and negative ions to move towards their respective electrodes is called “electrolysis.” However, nonelectrolytes cannot take part in electrolysis processes.
CONTENTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What are Electrolytes
3.What are Nonelectrolytes
4.Side by Side Comparison – Electrolytes vs Nonelectrolytes in Tabular Form
5.概括
What are Electrolytes?
Electrolytes are substances that produce ions. These compounds can produce ions when they are in the molten stage, or when they are dissolved in a solvent (water). Because of ions, electrolytes can conduct electricity. There are also solid-state electrolytes. Moreover, some gases like carbon dioxide produce ions (hydrogen and bicarbonate ions) when it dissolves in water.
There are two types of electrolytes:strong electrolytes and weak electrolytes. Strong electrolytes readily produce ions when they are soluble. For example, ionic compounds are strong electrolytes. Molten sodium chloride or aqueous NaCl solutions undergo complete dissociation (into Na+ and Cl– ions); thus they are good electricity conductors. Strong acids and bases are also good electrolytes. Weak electrolytes produce few ions when they are soluble in water. Furthermore, weak acids like acetic acid and weak bases are weak electrolytes.
Electrolytes in the Body
Electrolytes are present in our body too. We need them to maintain the balance inside cells and blood fluids in a healthy body. Electrolyte balance is crucial to maintain the osmotic balance and the blood pressure inside the body. Na+, K+和CA2+are important in nerve impulse transmission and muscle contractions.
Various hormones in the body control electrolyte homeostasis. For example, aldosterone controls the Na+ amount. Calcitonin and parathormone hormones play a role to maintain the Ca2+and PO43-balance. We can measure the electrolyte levels of the blood in order to identify certain electrolyte imbalances. Mostly, Na+and K+levels in blood and urine measurements are important to check kidney malfunctioning. The normal Na+血液水平为135 - 145 mmol/L,而正常K+level is 3.5 – 5.0 mmol/L. Extreme levels of electrolytes in the body can be fatal. Electrolytes are also important in plant bodies. For example, electrolytes (K+) control the stomata opening and closing mechanisms by guard cells.
What are Nonelectrolytes?
当我们溶解在溶剂中时,这些化合物不分为阳性离子和负离子是非电解质的。这些化合物的熔融阶段也不会产生离子。在介质中没有离子会导致它们无导体。通常,具有非极性共价键/有机化合物的化合物属于该组。例如,蔗糖,葡萄糖,乙烷等。
What is the Difference Between Electrolytes and Nonelectrolytes?
电解质和非电解质之间的关键区别在于,当电解质溶解在水中时可以产生离子,而非电解质无法产生离子。离子化合物和一些具有极性键的化合物可以是电解质。具有非极性键的化合物主要是非电解质。此外,溶液中的电解质可以导致与非电解质相反的电力。
概括– Electrolytes vs Nonelectrolytes
All compounds we know are either electrolytes or nonelectrolytes. The key difference between electrolytes and nonelectrolytes is that electrolytes can produce ions when they are dissolved in water, but nonelectrolytes can’t produce ions.
Reference:
1. Helmenstine, Anne Marie. “Strong Electrolyte Definition and Examples.” ThoughtCo, Jul. 3, 2019,Available here.
2. Helmenstine, Anne Marie. “Chemistry Examples: Strong and Weak Electrolytes.” ThoughtCo, Aug. 6, 2019,Available here.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Electrolytes-electric conductivity” By Elcap – Own work (CC0) viaCommons Wikimedia
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