Codon vs Anticodon
Everything about living beings has been defined by a series of information in the basic genetic materials that are DNA and RNA. This information has been laid out in DNA or RNA strands in an extremely characteristic sequence for each individual living being. That is the reason for the uniqueness of every single living being from all others in the world. The nitrogenous base sequence is the basic information system in DNA and RNA, where these bases (A-Adenine, T-Thymine, U-Uracil, C-Cytosine, and G-Guanine) provide unique sequences to form characteristic proteins with unique shapes, and those defines the traits or characters of the living beings. Proteins are formed from amino acids, and each amino acid has a characteristic three-base unit that is compatible with the bases in nucleic acid strands. When one of those base triplets becomes the codon, the other becomes the anticodon.
Codon
密码子是DNA或RNA链中三个连续的核苷酸的组合。所有核酸,DNA和RNA,均核苷酸测序为一组密码子。每个核苷酸由氮,C,T/U或G之一组成。因此,三个连续的核苷酸具有一系列氮基,最终决定了蛋白质合成中兼容的氨基酸。之所以发生这种情况,是因为每个氨基酸都有一个单位,该单元指定了一个氮基碱的三联体,并且等待蛋白质合成中的一个步骤的调用,以根据DNA或RNA碱基在适当的时间与合成蛋白链结合。序列。DNA的翻译从启动或启动密码子开始,并使用终止密码子(又称废话或终止密码子)完成该过程。偶尔出现错误,有时会在翻译过程中发生,而这些错误称为点突变。可以开始从基本序列的任何位置读取一组密码子,这使DNA链中的一组密码子可能创建六种类型的蛋白质。例如,如果序列是ATGCTGATTCGA,则第一个密码子可以是ATG,TGC和GCT的任何一个。由于DNA是双重的,因此其他链可以使其他三组兼容的密码子制成。 TAC, ACG, and CGA are the other three possible first codons. Thereafter, the next sets of codons change accordingly. That means the starting base determines the exact protein that will be synthesized after the process. The number of possible sets of codons from RNA is three in one defined part of the strand. The maximum possible number of codon sequences from the nitrogenous bases is 64, which is the third arithmetic power of four. The number of possible sequences of these codons could be infinite, as the length on the protein strands vary greatly among proteins. The fascinating field of diversity of life starts its bases from the codons.
Anticodon
Anticodon is the sequence of nitrogenous bases or nucleotides resent in transfer RNA, aka tRNA, which is attached to amino acids. Anticodon is the corresponding nucleotide sequence to the codon in messenger RNA, aka mRNA. Anticodons are attached to amino acids, which is the so-called base triplet that determines which amino acid should bind to the synthesizing protein strand next. After the amino acid is bound to the protein strand, the tRNA molecule with the anticodon is shed from the amino acid. The anticodon in tRNA is identical with the codon of DNA strand, except T in DNA is present as U in the anticodon.
密码子和反密码子有什么区别? •Codon could be present in both RNA and DNA, whereas anticodon is always present in RNA and never in DNA. •Codons are sequentially arranged in nucleic acid strands, while anticodons are discretely present in cells with amino acids attached or not. •Codon defines which anticodon should come next with an amino acid to create the protein strand, but never the other way around. |
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