Thekey difference在解剖学和生理死亡空间之间anatomical dead space refers to the volume of air that fills the conducting zone of呼吸由鼻子组成trachea, 和支气管不穿透肺的气体交换区域。同时,生理死空间是指解剖学死亡空间以及到达肺气交换区域的空气部分,但不参与天然气交换(alveolardead space).
Lung dead space is the volume of ventilated air that does not undergo gas exchange. Thus, dead space is a portion of each tidal volume which does not participate in gas exchange. There are two ways to describe lung dead space. They are anatomical dead space and physiological dead space. Anatomic dead space describes the volume of air that does not penetrate gas exchange regions of the lung while physiological dead space describes the anatomical dead space plus the volume of air that penetrates gas exchange regions but does not undergo gas exchange.
In a healthy individual, both values are roughly equal. But under a disease condition, physiological dead space can be considerably larger than the anatomical dead space. Therefore, compared to anatomical dead space, physiological dead space is clinically significant.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Anatomical Dead Space
3.什么是生理死亡空间
4.Similarities Between Anatomical and Physiological Dead Space
5。Side by Side Comparison – Anatomical vs Physiological Dead Space in Tabular Form
6。概括
什么是解剖学空间?
Anatomical dead space is the volume of air contained within the conductive airways of the respiratory system. These parts are nose, trachea, and bronchi. This volume of air does not penetrate gas exchanging regions such as respiratory bronchioles, alveolar duct, alveolar sac, and alveoli. Hence, anatomical dead space does not participate in gas exchange.
从正常的潮汐体积(500毫升)中,解剖学枯死空间占30%。因此,正常值范围在130 - 180 mL之间,具体取决于大小和姿势。平均值为150毫升。
什么是生理死亡空间?
Physiological dead space refers to the volume of air that fills conducting airways plus the volume of air that penetrates gas exchanging regions but does not involve in gas exchange. In simple words, physiological dead space is the combination of anatomical dead space and alveolar dead space. Therefore, physiological dead space is the sum of all parts of the tidal volume that do not participate in gas exchange.
Generally, in a healthy individual, alveolar dead space is negligible or zero. Thus, physiological dead space and anatomical dead space are equal. But under disease states, alveolar dead space has a value. Hence, physiological dead space becomes larger than the anatomical dead space. Compared to the anatomical dead space, physiological dead space is clinically important since it indicates the lung status.
解剖学和生理死亡空间之间有什么相似之处?
- Anatomical and physiological dead space are two different ways to define lung dead space.
- Both represent the air that does not participate in gas exchange.
- In healthy individuals, the anatomical and physiological dead spaces are roughly equivalent.
- 解剖空间和肺泡死空间的结合提供了生理死亡空间。
What is the Difference Between Anatomical and Physiological Dead Space?
Anatomical dead space is the air-filled in conducting airways and does not participate in gas exchange. Meanwhile, physiological dead space is the sum of all parts of the tidal volume that does not participate in gas exchange. So, this is the key difference between anatomical and physiological dead space. The average value of anatomical dead space is 150 mL, while the normal value of physiological dead space is also150 mL. But, physiological dead space becomes larger under disease conditions.
解剖学的死空间不包括渗透到气体交换区域的空气。相比之下,生理死空间包括渗透到气体交换区域的空气。因此,这是解剖学和生理死亡空间之间的另一个区别。
概括– Anatomical vs Physiological Dead Space
肺死亡空间是不参与气体交换的潮汐量的一部分。解剖空间和生理死亡空间是定义肺死亡空间的两种方法。解剖学空间是在肺部指导区域中的空气量。生理枯死空间是解剖枯死空间以及肺泡死亡空间的组合。肺泡死空间是填充肺部气体交换区域但不参与天然气交换的空气量。在健康的个体中,肺泡死空间为零。因此,它表明疾病状况。因此,这总结了解剖学和生理死亡空间之间的差异。
Reference:
1. Intagliata, Sal. “Physiology, Lung Dead Space.” StatPearls [Internet]., U.S. National Library of Medicine, 15 May 2019,Available here.
2. Robertson, H. Thomas. “Dead Space: the Physiology of Wasted Ventilation.” European Respiratory Society, European Respiratory Society, 1 June 2015,Available here.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Blausen 0865 TracheaAnatomy” By Blausen.com staff (2014). “Medical gallery of Blausen Medical 2014”. WikiJournal of Medicine 1 (2). DOI:10.15347/wjm/2014.010. ISSN 2002-4436. – Own work(CC BY 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
2. Kapwatt在英语Wikipedia上的“更新的Lungvolumes”(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
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