Thekey differencebetween alloantibody and autoantibody is thatthe alloantibody is anantibodyproduced against alloantigens, which are foreign antigens introduced by transfusion or pregnancy. Meanwhile, the autoantibody is an antibody that reacts with self-antigens.
Antibodies are produced as a result of an immune response. They may reflect the presence, nature and intensity of an immune response. Theimmune systemshould be able to identify self-antigens and foreign抗原separately. It is critical for its function.B cells免疫系统的产生抗原抗体。同种抗体和自身抗体是这种抗体的两种类型。由于输血或妊娠将同种抗原引入体内,因此产生同种抗体。相反,自身抗体是与自我抗原反应的抗体。自身抗体与自我抗原的反应导致组织和器官的炎症,损伤和功能障碍,导致自身免疫性疾病的体征和症状。
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Alloantibody
3.What is Autoantibody
4.同种抗体和自身抗体之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Alloantibody vs Autoantibody in Tabular Form
6。概括
What is an Alloantibody?
Alloantibody is an antibody produced against alloantigens that enter into the body by transfusion or pregnancy. Alloantigens are not the constituents of the organism itself. They are produced in the circulation. Moreover, alloantigens differ in individuals of the same species by amino acid sequences.
同种剂是蛋白质或其他物质,例如同一物种成员中存在的组织相容性或红细胞抗原。这些同种抗原能够在同一物种的其他成员中诱导同种抗体的产生。某些同种抗体通过破坏输血的红细胞或损害胎儿对患者造成伤害,当母亲携带同种抗体针对婴儿红细胞的抗原。
What is an Autoantibody?
An autoantibody is an antibody that works against a person’s own body antigens. In other words, autoantibodies are the antibodies that attack self-antigens. Therefore, they are harmful antibodies that cannot differentiate self and non-self antigens. These antibodies mistakenly target and react with a person’s own tissues or organs. Hence, these autoantibodies are responsible for many autoimmune diseases. They are useful as biomarkers of diseases. Autoantibodies are frequently found in healthy individuals.
Normally our immune system self-regulatory processes neutralize and eliminate autoantibodies before their maturation. But when it fails to neutralize, these autoantibodies damage cells, tissues and organs. Autoantibodies destroy our cells by phagocytosis or cell lysis. Antinuclear antibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies, anti-double-stranded DNA, anticentromere antibodies, anti-histone antibodies, and rheumatoid factor are several types of autoantibodies.
What are the Similarities Between Alloantibody and Autoantibody?
- 同种抗体和自身抗体是两种类型的抗体,作为对免疫反应的反应。
- 它们主要是蛋白质。
- Moreover, they bind with their specific antigens.
同种抗体和自身抗体有什么区别?
Alloantibodies are the antibodies that work against alloantigens introduced to the body by transfusion or pregnancy. In contrast, autoantibodies are the antibodies that react with the components of the body’s own tissues and organs. So, this is the key difference between alloantibody and autoantibody.
Moreover, another difference between alloantibody and autoantibody is that the alloantibodies bind with alloantigens and destroy them. But, the autoantibodies bind with self-antigens and damage a person’s own body tissues and organs.
概括– Alloantibody vs Autoantibody
Alloantibody and autoantibody are two types of antibodies generated in our body against antigens. Alloantibody is produced against alloantigens, which are foreign antigens introduced into our body by transfusion or pregnancy, while autoantibody is an antibody that reacts with self-antigens. Thus, this is the key difference between alloantibody and autoantibody. Autoantibodies cannot discriminate self-antigens and nonself antigens while alloantibodies can recognize alloantigens and only bind with alloantigens which are foreign antigens present in the other members of the same species.
Reference:
1. “Autoantibodies.” Lab Tests Online,Available here.
2. “Isoantibodies.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 30 Jan. 2019,Available here.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Antibody illustration” By DigitalShuttermonkey – Recreated jpg originally uploaded by Muntasir Alam(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
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