白化病和白癜风之间的差异

Key Difference – Albinism vs Vitiligo

Albinism and Vitiligo are both medical conditions caused due to a defect of pigments in the body, but there is a difference between these two disorders. Thekey differencebetween these conditions is that,Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence ofmelaninwhich is the pigment found in the skin, hair, and eyes whilevitiligo is a skin condition characterized by a part of the skin losing the pigment.

What is Albinism?

Albinismresults from inheritance ofrecessive gene alleles，这通常是autosomalrecessive disorder。In some cases, X-linked inheritance is also involved. Lack of pigment can range from complete absence to minor deficiency based on the underlying genetic defect. There are two principal types of albinism,

• Oculocutaneous Albinism:Affecting the eyes, skin and hair
• Ocular Albinism:Affecting only the eyes

People with albinism lack the pigment melanin which protects the skin from ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Hence, their skin can be damaged more easily. Theyface increased risk ofskin carcinomadue to the same reason. Albinism is alsoassociated with a range of visual defects包括恐惧症（查看光源的困难），眼球震颤（眼球的来回动作）和弱视(blurred vision).

Treatment for the eyesconsists of visual rehabilitation. Surgery on the extra-ocular muscles is useful to reducestrabismus.眼球震颤也可以通过手术在某种程度上受到控制。但是，在分别评估个别案例后使用这些程序。在受影响的个体中，他们的成功差异很大。有没有已知的治疗方法白化病,不视为一种疾病。However, it is important to prevent sunburns and have regular skin checkups by a dermatologist as they face increased risk of skin cancer.

What is Vitiligo?

Apart from cases of contact with toxic chemicals, thecause of vitiligo remains largely unknown。但是，一些研究人员建议白癜风can occur due to autoimmune, genetic, oxidative stress, as well as fromviral infections。Vitiligo is classified into two basic categories:

Segmental Vitiligo:This tends to occur in areas of skin close to the dorsal nerve roots of the spinal cord and is usually unilateral.

Non-segmental Vitiligo:Some form of symmetry can be observed in the location of de- pigmented patched of skin. New patches can appear over time and can be generalized or localized to a part of the body.

Autoimmune diseases包括艾迪生氏病，桥本的甲状腺炎等。occur more commonly in association with vitiligoexplain the possible autoimmune origin. Though there isno cure for vitiligo,various treatment options can be tried。其中一些包括类固醇应用以及紫外线与各种乳霜的结合。

What is the difference between Albinism and Vitiligo?

Definition ofAlbinism and Vitiligo

Albinism:Albinism is a congenital disorder characterized by the complete or partial absence of melanin.

Vitiligo:Vitiligo is a skin condition characterized by a part of the skin losing the pigment.

Characteristics ofAlbinism and Vitiligo

Cause

Albinism:Albinism is a genetic disorder.

Vitiligo:Vitiligo is an acquired condition in most cases.

眼睛参与

Albinism:Albinism affects eyes

Vitiligo:Vitiligo does not affect eyes

Extent of the Condition

Albinism:Albinism affects whole body

Vitiligo:Vitiligo affects only the part of the body

Associated Diseases

Albinism:Albinism is not associated with autoimmune disease.

Vitiligo:Vitiligo is associated with autoimmune disease.

Image Courtesy:

“Albinisitic man portrait” by The original uploader was Muntuwandi at English Wikipedia – Transferred from en.wikipedia to Commons..(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaWikimedia Commons

“Vitiligo1” by James Heilman, MD – Own work.(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaWikimedia Commons