钥匙区别-激动剂vs拮抗剂药物
阿片类药物是包括两者包括的药物illegal drugs和规定的毒品。阿片类药物充当止痛药,但如果服用过量,则具有许多不健康的副作用。阿片类药物的机制可以通过两种机制来解释:激动机制和拮抗机制。因此,药物可以主要分为激动剂药物和拮抗剂药物。激动剂药物是能够在与受体结合后能够激活大脑受体的药物,从而产生阿片类药物的全部作用。拮抗剂药物与大脑中的受体结合,并阻断阿片类药物与受体的结合,从而抑制阿片类药物的作用。这关键区别between agonists and antagonists is their counteractive mechanism.激动剂产生行动,而拮抗剂抑制了行动。
CONTENTS
1。概述和关键差异
2。什么是激动剂药物
3。什么是拮抗剂药物
4。激动剂和拮抗剂药物之间的相似之处
5.Side by Side Comparison – Agonist vs Antagonist Drugs in Tabular Form
6.Summary
什么是激动剂药物?
一个agonist drug is a chemical that mimics the natural ligand of the specific brain receptor. Thus the binding of the agonist drug results in similar biological effect as the natural ligand. The agonist binds to the same binding site as that of the natural ligand. Thus, in the absence of the natural ligand, agonist drugs are capable of providing the full or the partial response. Examples of agonist drugs includeheroin,,,,oxycodone,美沙酮,氢可酮,吗啡和鸦片。其中一些像海洛因被宣布为非法。这些药物会缓解疼痛。强剂量可以与呼吸,器官衰竭,嗜睡以及麻木。
激动剂类型
激动剂药物有两种主要类型。
- 直接结合激动剂药物
- 间接结合激动剂药物
直接结合激动剂药物orcomplete agonists能够直接与受体的特定结合位点结合。该结合位点是天然配体在正常条件下结合的位点。这会带来更快的响应,因为它直接与受体结合并激活大脑信号传导。例子是吗啡和nicotine。
间接结合激动剂药物也被称为部分激动剂,是可以增强天然配体与受体结合以产生作用的药物。这些药物会产生延迟的反应。间接结合激动剂的一个例子是可卡因。
什么是拮抗剂药物?
拮抗剂是抑制天然配体作用的药物。天然配体可以是激素,神经递质or an agonist.
类型of Antagonist Drugs
Antagonist drugs can be of three main types.
- 竞争性对手
- Non – competitive antagonists
- 不可逆转的拮抗剂
Competitive antagonist drugs是具有在原始结合位点结合并抑制天然配体结合的药物。这是由于模拟天然配体的拮抗剂的形状。增加配体浓度可以抑制竞争性拮抗剂的作用。
Noncompetitive antagonist drugsact allosterically, where it binds to another site other than the true binding site. The binding of the non – competitive antagonist will cause a conformational change in the receptor which will inhibit the binding of the true ligand.
不可逆的激动剂药物通过强烈结合通过共价linkages. This will permanently modify the receptor preventing the binding of the ligand. Examples of antagonist drugs include naltrexone and naloxone. Most often these drugs are used to inhibit the effects of harmful drugs such as cocaine and heroin which are agonist drugs.
激动剂和拮抗剂药物之间有什么相似之处?
- Both are chemical drugs which can bind to receptors in the brain.
- Both function in a counteractive manner.
- 两者都可以主要是两种类型 - 非法药物或医学处方药。
- Both are specific towards the receptors.
- 两者都被称为止痛药。
- 如果服用过量,两者都可能导致有害的健康表现。
What is the Difference Between Agonist and Antagonist Drugs?
激动剂vs拮抗剂药物 |
|
激动剂药物是能够在与受体结合后能够激活大脑受体的药物,从而产生配体的全部作用。 | Antagonist drugs are the drugs which bind to the receptors in the brain and block the binding of ligands to the receptors thereby inhibiting the effect of the ligand. |
效果 | |
激动剂药物刺激作用。 | 拮抗剂药物抑制作用。 |
Response | |
当激动剂与结合位点结合时,响应是引起的。 | 当拮抗剂与结合位点结合时,可以防止响应。 |
类型 | |
有两种类型的激动品药物。直接结合激动剂药物和间接结合激动剂药物。 | 拮抗剂有三种类型。竞争性拮抗剂药物,非竞争性拮抗剂药物和不可逆的拮抗剂药物。 |
Summary – Agonist vs Antagonist Drugs
激动剂and antagonist drugs work in a counteractive mechanism. Agonist drugs function in enhancing the effectiveness of the natural ligand binding thereby up-regulating the effect of the ligand. In contrast, Antagonist drugs down-regulate the effect of the ligand by binding to the receptor and blocking the receptor from binding to its receptor. This is the key difference between Agonistic drugs and Antagonistic drugs. Both scenarios effect in relieving pain and therefore act as potential painkillers. Some of the drugs such as morphine are prescribed and legal to be used under medical supervision, whereas some are illegal to be used (heroin).
Download the PDF Version of Agonist vs Antagonist Drugs
您可以下载本文的PDF版本,并根据引文注释将其用于离线目的。请在此处下载PDF版本之间的区别激动剂and Antagonist Drugs
参考:
1。Libretexts. “C6. Agonist and Antagonist of Ligand Binding to Receptors – An Extension.” Biology LibreTexts, Libretexts, 10 May 2017.
图片提供:
1.“贡献者和对手”(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
2.’贡献者的对手:usuario:house - file:agonist_antagonist.png(CC BY-SA 3.0)通过下议院维基梅迪亚
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