Thekey differencebetween alpha beta and gamma diversityis that alpha diversity measures thediversityof a particular area or an生态系统, usually by expressing thespecies richnessor the number ofspecies, while beta diversity measures the diversity between ecosystems by measuring the species change between ecosystems and gamma diversity measures the overall diversity across a large geographic region.
生物多样性is the variability among living organisms on Earth. In other words, it refers to the variety of life on Earth. It measures the variation at genetic, species and ecosystem levels. Alpha, beta and gamma diversity are three types of biodiversity measures described over a special scale. In 1972, R. H. Whittaker explained all these three terms. Alpha diversity describes species diversity in an ecosystem. Beta diversity describes species diversity between communities or ecosystems. Gamma diversity measures biodiversity in a large region.
内容
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Alpha Diversity
3.什么是β多样性
4.What is Gamma Diversity
5.Similarities – Alpha Beta and Gamma Diversity
6。Alpha vs Beta vs Gamma Diversity in Tabular Form
7。Summary – Alpha vs Beta vs Gamma Diversity
什么是Alpha多样性?
Alpha diversity is a measure of species diversity in a particular area or an ecosystem. Alpha diversity is expressed as the number of species present in the area of concern. Therefore, alpha diversity gives us species richness in that particular ecosystem. It is a small scale measure compared to beta and gamma diversity. Species richness is a valuable measure when compared to species diversity within different ecosystems. Species richness can be measured through a transect drawn within the ecosystem. The species we see along the transect is counted, and the number of species is taken.
什么是β多样性?
Beta diversity is the term that refers to the change in species diversity between communities or ecosystems. Hence, beta diversity allows the comparison of biodiversity between ecosystems. In beta diversity, the number of species that are unique to each system is counted. For example, if the beta diversity between ecosystem A and ecosystem B is 10, it tells us that there are a total of 10 species that are unique between two ecosystems. Ecosystem A may have 8 unique species which are not seen in ecosystem B, while ecosystem B has 2 unique species that are not seen in ecosystem A. Therefore, the beta diversity between the two ecosystems is 10.
当相邻社区之间的相互作用较低时,β多样性会增加。人类土地使用是防止物种在两个生态系统之间运动的主要原因之一。可以通过允许社区之间的物种自由流动来控制Beta多样性。
什么是伽玛多样性?
伽玛多样性是大型地理区域中总体生物多样性的度量。因此,它衡量该地区每个生态系统的总多样性。总体多样性取决于两件事:生态系统中的物种多样性以及这些栖息地之间物种多样性的分化。伽玛多样性是一种地理规模的物种多样性。
Compared to alpha and beta diversity, gamma diversity is a very large scale measure. Today, we can observe a decline in gamma diversity all over the world. Mass extinction in places around the world is one of the main reasons for decreased gamma diversity.
Alpha Beta和Gamma多样性之间有什么相似之处?
- Alpha, beta, and gamma diversity are three terms that measure biodiversity based on the special scale.
- All three types are very important in the context of monitoring and preserving biodiversity.
- 栖息地破碎是丧失生物多样性的原因之一。
Alpha Beta和Gamma多样性有什么区别?
Alpha diversity measures the species diversity in an ecosystem while beta diversity measures the change in species diversity mainly between two communities or two ecosystems. Whereas, gamma diversity measures the overall biodiversity of a large geographic region. So, this is the key difference between alpha beta and gamma diversity.
The below infographic summarizes the difference between alpha beta and gamma diversity in tabular form.
Summary – Alpha vs Beta vs Gamma Diversity
Alpha,Beta和Gamma多样性是三种类型的生物多样性措施。Alpha多样性描述了生态系统中的物种多样性或物种丰富度。这是一个小规模的度量。Beta多样性描述了两个生态系统或社区之间的物种多样性。这是一个大规模的度量。伽马多样性描述了大型地理区域中的物种生物多样性。这是一个非常大的量度。所有这些措施对于保护世界的生物多样性都很重要。因此,这是αβ和伽马多样性之间差异的摘要。
Reference:
1. Babu,Saurab。“Alpha,Beta和Gamma多样性:不同尺度的生物多样性。”Eco, 11 Aug. 2020.
2. “7: Alpha, Beta, and Gamma Diversity。”生物学库,库,2021年9月10日。
Image Courtesy:
1.“”生物多样性” Anja Knaebel - 自己的工作(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
2. “beta vs Latitude” Sreekar1988 - 自己的作品(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
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