公共与私人管理
每个人都知道的公共管理和私人管理之间的一个区别是利润。它们的性质和管理方式也有所不同。但是,对某些人来说,公共和私人管理术语可能似乎有些技术性。确实,它们不是日常对话中使用的术语,并且偶尔听到他们的用法。为了使他们受益,我们将从公共和私人管理的定义开始。当然,它们的定义简单易懂,从而使两个清晰切割之间的区别。期限 '行政‘指某些特定事物的组织和管理。因此,简单地说,公共管理是指公共事务的管理和组织,而私人管理则是指私人事务管理。
什么是公共管理?
正式地,公共行政一词被定义为实施政府政策or public policy as formulated by the executive branch of government。The concept of Public Administration is evident in any country that has a government. Think of it as the collective operation, function, and activities of the government. Government departments and agencies, ministerial departments,镇,城市,,,,urban,市政和/或省议会以及所有其他国家部门都属于公共行政权限。一些消息来源将其定义为公共计划的管理或选举期间做出的政治诺言的实施。公共管理涉及确定政府运营的合适政策和计划,并在仔细计划,组织,指导和协调之后实施此类计划。执行公共行政职能的人被称为public administrators。他们不仅包括民选政府官员ls but also non-elected officials such as public servants either heading or working in the above-named departments. These public administrators are entrusted with an important task, namely, to find durable, efficient, cost-effective solutions to the challenges and problems faced by the public. Other duties include advising elected officials of the feasibility and effectiveness of certain programmes and/or policies, preparing and settingbudgets,,,,and operating the day-to-day affairs of public departments.
公共行政影响整个国家。因此,它的范围很大且复杂。公共管理的最终受益人是公众,目标是满足公众的需求,同时促进社会利益。这样的政府受国家的管辖constitution,,,,法律,,,,条款和规则因此,确保政府不会在法律之外行事或滥用其权力。政府通常对公众负责,在一个公开和审查政府活动的民主国家,将通过立法机关或司法审查负责。
What is Private Administration?
本质上,私人管理本质上是更私人和个人的。这意味着它不与公众打交道。私人管理是私营公司或企业事务的运营,管理和管理。In other words, it is the实施公司的政策和目标。私人管理本质上是非政治性的。与profitas its foremost aim, it operates under the direction of market-economic conditions. Thus, Private Administration involves the planning, organizing and implementing of policies and programmes that return a profit. Any activity that is unprofitable to the company or inefficient will be eliminated.
The ultimate beneficiary of Private Administration is the company itself and of course, its people. Private Administration also helps to determine the company’s performance and efficiency. Like Public Administration, it is governed by certain laws, rules and regulations, but these are only in relation to the business of the company and its conduct. For example, consumer protection laws. The concept of public accountability is not present in Private Administration although one may citecorporate social responsibilityas an exception. In general, therefore, a private company is not accountable to the general public for their activities. Unlike Public Administration, the scope of Private Administration is fairly limited and not as large or diverse as its public counterpart.
公共和私人管理有什么区别?
因此,公共和私人管理之间的差异很明显。
•公共管理本质上是政治性的,而私人管理不是政治上的,而是更个人化。
•公共管理的重点是实施政府政策,而私人管理则关注实施有利润作为其主要重点的公司政策。
•政府政策和计划针对公众。因此,公共管理试图促进一般福利和公众利益,并满足他们的需求。
• In Private Administration, the focus is on making a profit, expanding the growth and development of the company and ensuring the prosperity of the business.
• Activities and operations that fall under Public Administration are governed by a legal framework that aims to prevent abuse of power, unequal and unfair treatment of the public. Further, the officials in charge of Public Administration are accountable to the general public for their actions.
• Private Administration, in contrast, does not have the concept of public accountability and its scope is more limited.
Images Courtesy:
- Public servantvia Wikicommons (Public Domain)
- WMUK董事会会议,蒙茅斯经过迈克·皮尔(Mike Peel)((CC BY-SA 4.0)
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