Difference Between Natural and Artificial Radioactivity

Thekey differencebetween natural and artificial radioactivity is that the自然放射性以放射性形式自然发生在自然界中，而当实验室中的人诱导它时，它被称为人工放射性。

人没有发明放射性的过程；它在那里，自远古时代以来存在于宇宙中。但这是亨利·贝克勒尔（Henry Becquerel）在1896年发现世界对此了解的机会。此外，科学家玛丽·居里（Marie Curie）在1898年解释了这一概念，并因其工作获得了诺贝尔奖。我们将世界上发生的放射性类型（读星）本身称为自然放射性，而人类诱导的人工放射性则是自然的放射性。

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是自然放射性
3.什么是人工放射性
4.并排比较 - 表格形式的自然与人工放射性
5.概括

什么是自然放射性?

In general, radioactivity refers to the release of particles and energy from unstable nuclei. The release of particles from unstable atoms continues until the substance reaches stability. This decomposition of the nuclei is the process of radioactivity. When this decomposition takes place in nature, we call it as natural radioactivity.Uranium是最重的自然元素（原子编号92）。

涉及放射性工作ion of three types of particles by an unstable nucleus in an effort to reach stability. We name them asalpha, beta, and gamma radiations. Alpha particles consist of two protons and two neutrons (exactly like a helium atom) which is why it has a positive charge. Alpha particles are very small fragments of the parent nucleus that tries to release energy and alpha particles in an attempt to become stable.

Beta particles consist of electrons and are therefore have a negative charge. Third and final particles that a radioactive nucleus emits are gamma particles that are consisting of high energy photons. In fact, they are nothing but pure energy without mass. Not all three radiations take place in case of an unstable nucleus at the same time.

什么是人工放射性?

When we prepare unstable nuclei in labs via bombarding them with slow-moving neutrons, we call it artificial radioactivity. Though there are放射性同位素of thorium and Uranium, artificial radioactivity means that we are creating a series of trans-uranium elements that are capable of radioactivity.

This type of radioactivity has many uses in nuclear reactors where slow-moving neutrons are made to bombard a stable isotope of uranium that becomes unstable and starts to decay releasing a huge amount of energy. Consequently, we can use that energy to turn water into steam. Afterwards, this steam will move turbines producing electricity. Artificial radioactivity has another important use in atom bombs where fission of unstable nucleus results in the release of huge amounts of energy and we cannot control the reaction there. However, in nuclear reactors, the reaction is controlled.

What is the Difference Between Natural and Artificial Radioactivity?

自然放射性是自然发生的放射性过程，而人工放射性是由人造方法引起的放射性过程。因此，自然放射性和人工放射性之间的关键区别在于，自然放射性是放射性的形式，在自然界本身就发生了，而当实验室中的人诱导它时，它被称为人工放射性。此外，自然放射性是自发的，而人工放射性是非自发的。因此，我们需要启动放射性以获得人工放射性。

The below infographic presents more details on the difference between natural and artificial radioactivity

概括– Natural vs Artificial Radioactivity

Natural and artificial radioactivity are the two major forms of radioactivity. The key difference between natural and artificial radioactivity is that the natural radioactivity is the form of radioactivity takes place on its own in nature while that which man induces is artificial radioactivity.

Reference:

1. “Induced Radioactivity.” Wikipedia, Wikimedia Foundation, 11 Oct. 2018.Available here
2. “Natural Radioactivity.” Radioactivity : Natural Radioactivity.Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Alfa beta gamma radiation”By User:Stannered(CC BY 2.5)viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“ alpha decay”归纳数 - 自己的作品，（公共领域）通过Commons Wikimedia