种间和种内杂交之间的差异

Thekey difference种间和种内杂交之间interspecific hybridization occurs between two related individuals belonging to two different species, while the intraspecific hybridization occurs between genetically divergent two individuals of the same species.

Hybridizationis the process of mating or crossing off genetically differentiated individuals or groups. The main objective of hybridization is to combine desirable genes present in different organisms. Moreover, hybridization is used in producing pure-breeding progenies. Mating can be done between two individuals of the same species or between two individuals of the different species. Based on that, there are two types of hybridization: intraspecific hybridization and interspecific hybridization.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是种间杂交
3.What is Intraspecific Hybridization
4.种间和种内杂交之间的相似性
5.并排比较 - 表格中种间与种内杂交以表格形式
6。概括

什么是种间杂交?

Interspecific hybridization is the process of mating two individuals of two different species. However, these two species should come from the same genus. It is a type of intragenic hybridization since it includes related individuals. Interbreeding between species is not acceptable and possible based on the biological species concept. However, interbreeding between species or interspecies hybridization is carried out in order to exploit useful genes from the wild and to develop unimproved species to cultivated species, etc.

Some common hybrids that result from interspecific hybridization are mule (male donkey x female horse), hinny (male horse x female donkey) and liger (male lion x female tiger). Furthermore, in sunflower breeding, interspecific hybridization is useful. It broadens the遗传多样性of sunflowers. Besides, the use of interspecific hybridization is increasing in developing fruit crop species in order to utilize naturally occurring sources ofpest and disease resistance, fruit-quality components, etc. However, interspecies hybridization can be difficult due to different ploidy levels and genetic incompatibilities. Also, interspecific hybrids have a chance of being sterile.

什么是种内杂交？

Intraspecific hybridization is the mating of two individuals from the same species that are genetically distinct. In other words, intraspecific hybridization is thesexual reproductionthat occurs within the same species. Therefore, it can occur between different sub-specieswithin aspecies. Selective breeding is another name for intraspecific hybridization.

在植物育种和动物育种中，人类使用这种选择性育种技术来发展理想的表型或特征。但是，种内杂交可能会导致某些物种的侵入性。

What are the Similarities Between Interspecific and Intraspecific Hybridization?

• Interspecific and intraspecific hybridization are two sexual reproduction methods.
• They result in a hybrid that is genetically different from the parents.
• Moreover, mating is done artificially in both methods.
• 这些方法增加了人群的杂合性。

种间和种内杂交有什么区别？

Hybridization is the most widely used breeding approach to develop phenotypes which have desirable traits. Interspecific andintrasepcific杂交是两种类型。在种间杂交中，跨越了两个不同物种的两个个体。在种内杂交中，跨越了来自同一物种的两个个体。因此，这是间社会和种内杂交之间的关键区别。

Gene flow occurs between diverged species in interspecific hybridization while the gene flow occurs between two genetically distinct populations of the same species in intraspecific hybridization. Therefore, this is another significant difference between interspecific and intraspecific hybridization.

概括– Interspecific vs Intraspecific Hybridization

杂交是为了产生理想的特征或表型的遗传不同生物的过程。杂交可以是种内或种间。种间杂交是不同物种个体之间的交配过程。相反，种内杂交是同一物种的遗传不同个体之间的交配过程。因此，这是种间和种内杂交之间的关键区别。

Reference:

1.迈尔斯，凡妮莎·里奇斯。“种间混合园艺定义。” The Spruce, The Spruce, 27 June 2019,Available here.

Image Courtesy:

1.“ Ligers”Craig Kirkwood(CC BY-SA 2.0)viaFlickr
2. “Cornselection” By John Doebley – Genetically Modified Corn— Environmental Benefits and Risks Gewin V PLoS Biology Vol. 1, No. 1, e8 doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000008 Jornual Pbio(CC BY 2.5)viaCommons Wikimedia