Thekey differencebetween hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid is thathydrogen fluoride is an inorganic compound whereas hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride in water.
Both hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid have the same chemical formula, HF, which contains ahydrogenatom and a氟atom. However, these are two different terms depending on the chemical and physical properties. Therefore, here, we will be discussing those differences between hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid.
CONTENTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.什么是氟化氢
3.什么是氢氟酸
4.Side by Side Comparison – Hydrogen Fluoride vs Hydrofluoric Acid in Tabular Form
5.概括
什么是氟化氢?
Hydrogen fluoride is a chemical compound having the chemical formula HF. It has a hydrogen atom and a fluorine atom bonded to each other via acovalent bond. It is a diatomic molecule, but in its solid form, there are zig-zag HF chains. These HF chains are created due to the strong hydrogen bonds that form between the HF molecules. The liquid form also contains this structure. Some chemical facts about this compound are as follows:
- Molar mass is 20 g/mol
- It occurs as a colourless gas; the liquid state is also colourless
- The melting point is −83.6 °C while the boiling point is 19.5 °C
- Due to the ability of HF to form hydrogen bonds, this compound is completely miscible with water
We can produce this compound by the reaction between sulfuric acid and pure grades of the mineral “fluorite”. However, most HF is produced as a byproduct of fertilizer production. There are several important uses of HF; as a precursor to organofluorine compounds, as a precursor for metal fluorides, as a catalyst, as a solvent, etc.
什么是氢氟酸?
氢氟酸是HF的水溶液。这意味着它是氟化氢在水中的溶液。我们可以将化学公式写为HF(aq). It appears as a colourless solution. Moreover, this solution is miscible with water. The IUPC name for this solution is Fluorane. The solution is a weak acid due to the strength of the H-F bond and the formation of clusters of HF, H2O and F–.
Furthermore, we can produce this weak acid by treating the mineral fluorite with sulfuric acid. There is a wide range of uses for hydrofluoric acid. The applications include the filed of oil refining, production of organofluorine compounds, production of fluorides, as a cleaning agent, etc.
What is the Difference Between Hydrogen Fluoride and Hydrofluoric Acid?
比较氟化氢和氢氟酸的性能，氟化氢和氢氟酸之间的关键差异是氟化氢是一种无机化合物，而氢氟酸是氟化物在水中的溶液。因此，氟化氢由H和F原子组成，而氢氟酸在水中含有HF分子。
The below infographic provides more details on the difference between hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid.
概括– Hydrogen Fluoride vs Hydrofluoric Acid
In summary, hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid are two different forms of the same compound. Importantly, the key difference between hydrogen fluoride and hydrofluoric acid is that hydrogen fluoride is an inorganic compound whereas hydrofluoric acid is a solution of hydrogen fluoride in water.
Reference:
1. O’Neill, Tomás B., et al. “Complex Chemical Burns Following a Mass Casualty Chemical Plant Incident: How Optimal Planning and Organisation Can Make a Difference.” Burns, vol. 38, no. 5, 2012, pp. 713–718., doi:10.1016/j.burns.2011.12.010.
Image Courtesy:
1. “Hydrogen fluoride” By Original uploader was El T at en.wikipedia – Transferred from en.wikipedia (Public Domain) viaCommons Wikimedia
2. “Hydrogen fluoride” By User:Dorgan – Self-photographed(CC BY-SA 3.0)viaCommons Wikimedia
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