基本和实现之间的区别d Niche

Thekey difference在基本和实现的利基市场之间the fundamental niche is the natural栖息地一个物种，它可以轻松获得食物的能源需求，并可以交配和繁殖而不必担心predators。但是，尽管已实现的利基市场是基本利基的子集，迫使一个物种生活并适应当前条件。

The word niche comes from a French word meaning nest. Joseph Grinnell introduced the term niche for the first time in 1917 to refer a habitat of a species in which it lives. One can call a niche as a total of all the ecological requirements that allow a species to mate and produce offspring, thus surviving and flourishing with any undue pressures. A particular niche can be either a fundamental niche or realized niche. A fundamental niche of a species is the habitat that is natural for it while a realized niche is the result of many factors, such as human activities, the presence of predators, and availability of its natural food resources. The purpose of this article is to discuss the difference between fundamental and realized niche.

内容

1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Fundamental Niche
3.What is Realized Niche
4。Similarities Between Fundamental and Realized Niche
5。并排比较 - 基本与以表格形式实现的利基市场
6。概括

什么是基本利基？

为了使任何物种生存和维持其人口，环境条件不得太恶劣，个人成员必须能够容忍环境，也能够交配和繁殖。他们必须能够拥有食物来获取营养和能量，也有避免掠食者的手段。

因此，基本利基是一个自然区域，在该区域中，物种总有生存和壮成长的需求。因此，基本的利基市场是物种可能拥有和利用的最大利基市场。此外，这是一个生物体不必担心食品资源或捕食者的有限性质的利基市场。因此，这种利基市场为其生物体提供了一个舒适的环境，在这种环境中，该物种可以在没有任何压力的情况下交配和繁殖。

For instance, consider the life of racoons in the forest. They get plenty of food in the form of bugs, fruits and small creatures like insects for their energy requirements, and also they can easily hide from their predators. Hence, this is the racoon’s fundamental niche.

什么是实现的利基？

Realized niche is a subset of this fundamental niche as it describes ecological conditions that are available, and occupied by the species. Species will not find the fundamental niches since there are many factors affecting their habitats such as the presence of predators, human activities on the environment, etc. For example, though rats prefer to run everywhere and eat what they find, rats are not able to eat everything they like and have to make do with what they get because of human threats. Hence, the realized niche of the rat is the conditions and area where they get in real.

When considering another species; racoons, they live in a realized niche because of many limiting factors, such as industrialization, urbanization and deforestation. They are forced to live in an urban environment, where they have to feed upon waste and trash rather than insects and fruits that they prefer to eat when they were in their fundamental niche.

What are the Similarities Between Fundamental and Realized Niche?

• Fundamental and realized niche are two types of functional units that refer to the conditions needed for the survival of a species and their roles in the ecosystem.
• 同样，意识到利基是基本利基市场的子集。

基本和实现利基市场有什么区别？

Niche is a functional area of an organism in which a species live, reproduce and interact with abiotic factors. Niche can be either fundamental niche or a realized niche. Fundamental niche is the natural area where a species can live and reproduce. On the other hand, realized niche is the actual area that a species is found. Therefore, this is the key difference between the fundamental and realized niche.

此外，基本和已实现的利基市场之间的另一个区别在于，基本利基市场描述了物种可以达到的各种生态作用。另一方面，实现的利基描述了物种实际上所做的生态角色。同样，由于意识到利基是许多因素的结果，因此它不是一个物种的天然细分市场，而基本利基是自然栖息地。因此，这是基本和已实现的利基市场之间的另一个区别。尽管物种更喜欢基本的生态位，但实际上它们存在于实现的壁ni。

Below is an infographic on the difference between fundamental and realized niche.

摘要 - 基本与实现利基市场

Fundamental and realized niches are two types of niches in which species live. However, species live in realized niches. Fundamental niche describes the range of conditions and ecological roles of species in the environment. It is a natural habitat where a species can live and reproduce. However, fundamental niches are theoretical. Due to various factors, in the end, what the species get is a realized niche. Hence, realized niche is a range of conditions a species get in the environment. Species are well adapted to realized niche than the fundamental niche. Realized niche is narrow than the fundamental niche. This summarizes the difference between fundamental and realized niche.

Reference:

1. study.com，study.com。Available here

Image Courtesy:

1.”Asian Palm Civet Over A Tree”By Praveenp – Own work,（CC BY-SA 3.0）viaCommons Wikimedia
2.“ 15006807131”Brian Gratwicke（CC由2.0）viaFlickr