电势与电势能
电势和电势能量是电场和电磁理论中两个非常有价值的概念。在本文中，我们将首先讨论电势和电势能的基础知识，然后再讨论两者之间的差异。
什么是电势？
在讨论电势时，需要对电场进行清晰的理解来解释该术语。所有电荷，无论是移动还是静止，都会产生电场。也可以使用任何时间变化的磁场生产电场。电场有几个关键因素，这些因素有必要知道。这些是电场强度，电场电位和电通量密度。电场强度定义为电场上的单位点电荷上的力。这是由公式E = Q/4πεR给出的2;问在哪里,ε电动permitt吗ivity of the medium, and r is the distance of the point from the point Q charge. The force on a point charge q placed at that point is equal to F = Qq/4πεr2. Since q is 1 coulomb, this is also equal to the electric field intensity. The electric potential of a point is defined as the energy required to bring a point charge of 1 coulomb from infinity to the point the potential is measured. This energy is equal to the work done on the charge when bringing the charge from infinity to the point. If both the charges are positive, the force that has to be applied to take the test charge from infinity to the point is always equal and antiparallel to the repulsion force between the two charges. By integrating F, from infinity to r, with respect to dr, we get the electric potential (V) of the point, which is Q/4πεr. Since r is always positive, if the charge is negative, the electric potential is also negative. The units of electric potential are joule per coulomb. A static electric field is a conservative field. Therefore, the electric potential of a static electric field is path independent. The electric potential of such field depends only on the position.
什么是电势能量？
电势能定义为从无限到给定点的电荷时由于电势而储存的能量。可以看出，由于电势等于带来单位充电所需的工作，因此电势能量是电势和带来的电荷的产物。由于势能= v * q，如果V和Q都具有相同的符号，这意味着Q和Q具有相同的符号，则势能为正。需要外部工作以提高费用。如果符号不同，势能将变为负。这表明该工作是从系统本身完成的。
电势和电势能有什么区别？ •电势仅取决于电势测量的电荷。电势能量取决于两个电荷。 •电势以伏特或每库仑的焦耳测量。电势能在焦耳中测量。 |
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