Thekey difference between culture and civilization这种文化存在于文明中，而文明可以由几种文化组成。
Culture and civilization are two of the factors that determine the nature of the society we live in. Although the two words often go hand in hand, it would be inaccurate to use them synonymously since culture and civilization stand for very different concepts.
CONTENTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Culture
3.What is Civilization
4.文化与表格形式的文明
5.概括
What is Culture?
Culture, a concept that emerged in the 20th century, is a central concept inanthropologyreferring to various human phenomena that cannot be directly attributed to one’s genetics. Culture is usually interpreted in various ways, but one of the most common definitions is “the customary beliefs, social forms, and material traits of a racial, religious, or social group” (Merriam Webster online dictionary). Culture can refer to an integrated system of learned behavioral patterns that are not of biological origin and are characteristic of the members in a certain society, ethnic, or social group.
文化可以存在于有形或无形的form. Physical artifacts of culture would include any physical material that is materialized as a product of beliefs,traditions and customsof a certain group of people with a definite culture. For example, clothes, artifacts like statues and art. The intangible aspects of a culture would be the customs, traditions, beliefs, language, and behaviors of people belonging to a definite culture. Culture often refers to an internal aspect of the human being, representing one’s feelings, thoughts, ideals, art, literature andvalues.
What is Civilization?
Civilization can be generally defined as a stage of advanced human social development and organization. It is an ensemble of geographic, political, economic, religious and social structures, and a ceremonial center for social and cultural activities. Civilization is a specific type of human community, made up of large, complex societies based on domestication of animals, plants, people, knowledge, beliefs and practices.
Civilization can also refer to an advanced state of the human society, where a high level of science, culture or industry has been reached. This would also refer to a stage where authority of man over natural phenomena is practiced while social technology would control the man’s natural behavior.
What is the Difference Between Culture and Civilization?
文明比文化大得多。这是一个复杂的聚合，由许多方面是文化组成。因此，文化和文明之间的关键区别在于文化存在于文明中，而文明可以由几种文化组成。
根据19世纪的人类学家的说法，文化较早地发展了，而文明则在后来创造了。文明是一种文化发展的状态。而且，文化本身可以存在，但是如果文明没有某种文化，则不能将文明视为文明。文化和文明之间的另一个区别是，文化以有形和无形的形式存在，而文明或多或少是有形的。
The following table summarizes the difference between culture and civilization.
概括– Culture vs Civilization
The key difference between culture and civilization is that culture exists within a civilization whereas a civilization can be made up of several cultures. Moreover, a culture can exist by itself, but a civilization cannot be identified as a civilization if it does not have a certain culture.
Image Courtesy:
1. “History People Culture Women Tradition India” (CC0) via Max Pixel
2. “Chinese civilization” By Priya2005 – Own work(CC BY-SA 4.0)via Commons Wikimedia
Further Readings:
2.Difference Between Culture and Heritage
3.Difference Between Eastern and Western Culture
发表评论