Key Difference – Resistance vs Reactance
Electrical components such as电阻,inductors, and capacitors有某种障碍物对电流通过它们。电阻对两者都反应direct current and alternating current, inductors and capacitors respond to variations of currents or alternating current only. This obstacle to the current from these components are known aselectrical impedance(z)。阻抗是数学分析中的复杂价值。该复合数的实际部分称为电阻(R),并且只有纯电阻具有电阻。理想的电容器和电感器有助于阻抗的假想部分,该部分被称为电抗(x)。因此,电阻和电抗之间的关键区别在于阻力是一个组件阻抗的真正部分whereasreactance is an imaginary part of the impedance of a component.A combination of these three components in RLC circuits makes impedance on the current path.
孔特NTS
1.Overview and Key Difference
2.What is Resistance
3.What is Reactance
4.Side by Side Comparison – Resistance vs Reactance in Tabular Form
5。Summary
什么是阻力?
Resistance is the obstacle thevoltage驾驶的面孔current通过一个conductor。If a large current is to be driven, the voltage applied to the ends of the conductor should be high. That is, the applied voltage (V) should be proportional to the current (I) that goes through the conductor, as stated by Ohm’s law; the constant for this proportionality is the resistance (R) of the conductor.
V = I X R
Conductors have the same resistance irrespective of whether the current is constant or varying. For alternating current, resistance can be calculated using Ohm’s Law with instantaneous voltage and current. The resistance measured in Ohms (Ω) depends on the conductor’s resistivity (ρ), length (l) and cross-section area (A) where,
Resistance also depends on the temperature of the conductor since the resistivity changes with the temperature in the following manner. whereρ0refers to the resistivity specified at the standard temperature T0通常是室温,α是电阻率的温度系数:
对于具有纯电阻的设备,功耗由I的乘积计算2X R.由于产品的所有组件都是真实的值,因此电阻消耗的功率将是真正的力量。因此,提供给理想阻力的功率得到了充分利用。
What is Reactance?
电抗是数学上下文中的一个想象术语。它在电路中具有相同的电阻概念,并具有相同的单位欧姆(ω)。电抗仅在电流变化期间发生在电感器和电容器中。因此,电抗取决于通过电感器或电容器通过电流的交流电流频率。
如果是电容器,它会累积chargeswhen a voltage is applied to the two terminals until the capacitor voltage matches the source. If the applied voltage is with an AC source, the accumulated charges are returned to the source at the negative cycle of the voltage. As the frequency goes higher, the lesser the amount of charges kept stored in the capacitor for a short period of time since the charging and discharging time do not change. As a result, the opposition by the capacitor to the current flow in the circuit will be less when the frequency increases. That is, the reactance of the capacitor is inversely proportional to the angular frequency (ω) of the AC. Thus, the capacitive reactance is defined as
C是电容器的电容f是赫兹的频率。但是,电容器的阻抗是负数。因此,电容器的阻抗为z = -i/2πFC。理想的电容器仅与电抗相关。
另一方面,电感器通过创建计数器反对通过它改变电流电动力(EMF)across it. This emf is proportional to the frequency of the AC supply and, its opposition, which is the inductive reactance, is proportional to the frequency.
Inductive reactance is a positive value. Therefore, the impedance of an ideal inductor will be Z=i2π佛罗里达州。Nevertheless, one should always note that all practical circuits consist of resistance as well, and these components are considered in practical circuits as impedances.
As a result of this opposition to the current variation by inductors and capacitors, the voltage change across it will have a different pattern from the variation of current. This means the phase of the AC voltage is different from the phase of the AC current. Due to the inductive reactance, the current change has a lag from the voltage phase, unlike capacitive reactance where the current phase is leading. In ideal components, this lead and lag has a magnitude of 90 degrees.
使用相图图分析了交流电路中电流和电压的这种变化。由于电流和电压的相位差异,因此传递到反应电路的电源并未被电路完全消耗。当电压为正时,传递的某些功率将返回到源,并且电流为负(例如上图中的时间= 0)。在电气系统中,对于电压和电流相之间的θ度差,COS(θ)称为系统的功率因数。该功率因数是在电气系统中控制的关键特性,因为它使系统有效地运行。为了使系统使用最大功率,应通过使θ= 0或接近零来维持功率因数。由于电气系统中的大多数负载通常是电感载荷(例如电动机),因此电容器库用于校正功率因子。
What is the difference between Resistance and Reactance?
电阻与电抗 |
|
Resistance is the opposition to a constant or varying current in a conductor. It is the real part of impedance of a component. | Reactance is the opposition to a variable current in an inductor or a capacitor. Reactance is the imaginary part of the impedance. |
Dependency | |
Resistance depends on the conductor’s dimensions, resistivity, and temperature. It does not change due to the frequency of AC voltage. | Reactance depends on the frequency of the alternating current. For inductors, it is proportional, and for capacitors, it is inversely proportional to the frequency. |
阶段 | |
The phase of the voltage and current through a resistor is the same; that is, the phase difference is zero. | 由于电感电抗性,电流变化的电压相位滞后。在电容电抗中,电流处于领先地位。在理想情况下,相位差为90度。 |
力量 | |
力量consumption due to resistance is real power and it is the product of voltage and current. | 由于滞后或领先的电流,该设备未完全消耗提供给反应设备的电源。 |
摘要 - 电阻与电抗
电阻器,电容器和电感器等电气组件使障碍物知道电流流过它们的阻抗,这是一个复杂的值。纯固定器具有称为抗性的实用值,而理想的电感器和理想的电容器具有虚拟值的阻抗,称为电抗。电阻在直流电流和交流电流上都发生,但电抗仅在可变电流上发生,从而导致反对改变组件中的电流。尽管电阻与AC的频率无关,但电抗随交流的频率而变化。电抗还会在当前相和电压相之间存在相差。这是电阻和电抗之间的差异。
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Reference:
1. “Electrical reactance.” Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation, 28 May 2017. Web.Available here。06 June 2017.
Image Courtesy:
1. Jeffrey Philippson的“ VI阶段” - 用户从En.Wikipedia转移:JónoÞórunn。(公共领域)通过Commons Wikimedia
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